Question

Оформите сравнительную таблицу по Мембранным и немембранным органоидам

Answer 1

В инете искал? Если нет пойщи

Answer 2

Membrane-bound Organelles

Membrane-bound organelles are cellular structures that are surrounded by a membrane. These organelles are found in eukaryotic cells and play various roles in cell function. Here are some examples of membrane-bound organelles:

1. Nucleus: The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains the cell's DNA. It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.

2. Mitochondria: Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They have an inner and outer membrane and contain their own DNA.

3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): The ER is involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism. It consists of a network of membranes and can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes).

4. Golgi Apparatus: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport within the cell or secretion outside the cell. It is composed of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae.

5. Lysosomes: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. They are surrounded by a single membrane.

6. Peroxisomes: Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances. They have a single membrane and contain enzymes.

Non-membrane-bound Organelles

Non-membrane-bound organelles, also known as non-membranous organelles, are cellular structures that do not have a surrounding membrane. These organelles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Here are some examples of non-membrane-bound organelles:

1. Ribosomes: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. They are composed of RNA and proteins and can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER.

2. Cytoskeleton: The cytoskeleton provides structural support to the cell and helps in cell movement. It is composed of three main components: microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

3. Centrioles: Centrioles are involved in cell division and the organization of microtubules. They are found in pairs near the nucleus of animal cells and are not surrounded by a membrane.

4. Nucleolus: The nucleolus is involved in the production of ribosomes. It is located within the nucleus and is not surrounded by a membrane.

5. Vaults: Vaults are small ribonucleoprotein particles that have been implicated in various cellular processes, including transport and cellular signaling. They are not surrounded by a membrane.

6. Nuclear Pore Complex: The nuclear pore complex is a protein structure that regulates the transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is not surrounded by a membrane.

Comparative Table of Membrane-bound and Non-membrane-bound Organelles

| Membrane-bound Organelles | Non-membrane-bound Organelles | |---------------------------|------------------------------| | Nucleus | Ribosomes | | Mitochondria | Cytoskeleton | | Endoplasmic Reticulum | Centrioles | | Golgi Apparatus | Nucleolus | | Lysosomes | Vaults | | Peroxisomes | Nuclear Pore Complex |

Please note that this table is not exhaustive and there may be other membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound organelles in cells. The examples provided here are some of the most well-known and studied organelles.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.