Question

Что такое митоз и мейоз? в чем различие и сходство?

Answer 1

Митоз это бесполое деление, мейоз половое. Вот основное различие.

Answer 2

Mitosis and Meiosis: Similarities and Differences

Mitosis and meiosis are two processes involved in cell division. They have similarities and differences in terms of their purpose, stages, and outcomes.

Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells, which are non-reproductive cells. Its main purpose is to produce two identical daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Mitosis is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in multicellular organisms.

The stages of mitosis are as follows: 1. Prophase: The chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. 2. Metaphase: The chromosomes align at the center of the cell. 3. Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. 4. Telophase: The chromosomes reach the poles, and the nuclear envelope reforms. 5. Cytokinesis: The cell divides into two daughter cells.

Meiosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells, specifically in the cells that give rise to gametes (sperm and eggs). Its main purpose is to produce haploid cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.

The stages of meiosis are more complex and involve two rounds of division, known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Each round consists of the following stages: 1. Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo crossing over, exchanging genetic material. 2. Metaphase I: Homologous pairs align at the center of the cell. 3. Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. 4. Telophase I: Chromosomes reach the poles, and the cell divides into two daughter cells. 5. Prophase II: Chromosomes condense again, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. 6. Metaphase II: Chromosomes align at the center of the cell. 7. Anaphase II: Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. 8. Telophase II: Chromosomes reach the poles, and the cell divides into four haploid daughter cells.

In summary, the main differences between mitosis and meiosis are: - Mitosis produces two diploid daughter cells, while meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells. - Mitosis is involved in growth and tissue repair, while meiosis is involved in sexual reproduction. - Mitosis involves one round of division, while meiosis involves two rounds of division. - Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse daughter cells due to crossing over and independent assortment of chromosomes.