Question

Как один вид энергии превращается в другой? По Биологии. Помогите пожалуйста .

Answer 1

Ответ:

1) При падении воды с плотины ее потенциальная энергия превращается в кинетическую.

2) В качающемся маятнике периодически эти виды энергии переходят друг в друга.

3) Превращение энергии из одного вида в другой происходит при ударе двух каких-нибудь упругих тел, например резинового мяча о пол или стального шарика о стальную плиту.

4) При стрельбе из лука потенциальная энергия натянутой тетивы переходит в кинетическую энергию летящей стрелы.

Answer 2

Energy Transformation in Biology

In biology, energy can be transformed from one form to another through various processes. The most fundamental process of energy transformation in biology is through cellular respiration, which occurs in all living organisms. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert organic molecules, such as glucose, into usable energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Cellular Respiration and Energy Transformation

Cellular respiration involves a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells. These reactions convert the energy stored in glucose molecules into ATP, which is used by cells as a source of energy for various cellular processes. The overall equation for cellular respiration is:

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP

During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down through a series of enzymatic reactions, releasing energy in the form of ATP. The process involves three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation (also known as the electron transport chain).

1. Glycolysis: This is the first stage of cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. This process produces a small amount of ATP and NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

2. Citric Acid Cycle: After glycolysis, the pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria, where they undergo further breakdown in the citric acid cycle. This cycle generates more ATP, NADH, and FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide).

3. Oxidative Phosphorylation: The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation, which takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane. During this stage, the NADH and FADH2 molecules produced in the previous stages donate their electrons to the electron transport chain. This chain consists of a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and pump protons across the membrane. The flow of electrons generates a proton gradient, which is used by ATP synthase to produce ATP.

Overall, cellular respiration is an efficient process that converts the chemical energy stored in glucose into ATP, which is then used by cells for various energy-requiring processes.