Question

Какую функцию выполняет корневище в жизни растения?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Основной функцией корневища является хранение питательных веществ, в том числе углеводов и белков, до тех пор, пока растение не потребует их для роста новых побегов или для выживания зимой в процессе, называемом вегетативным размножением.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

The Function of Root in a Plant's Life

The root plays a crucial role in the life of a plant. It serves several important functions that are essential for the plant's growth, development, and survival. Here are some key functions of the root:

1. Anchorage and Support: The root system anchors the plant in the soil, providing stability and support. This is particularly important for tall plants or those growing in windy conditions. The roots penetrate the soil and hold the plant firmly in place, preventing it from being uprooted or toppling over.

2. Absorption of Water and Nutrients: One of the primary functions of the root is to absorb water and essential nutrients from the soil. The root hairs, which are tiny projections on the surface of the root, greatly increase the surface area available for absorption. Water and nutrients are absorbed through the root hairs and transported to the rest of the plant through the vascular system.

3. Storage: Roots also serve as storage organs for plants. They store reserve substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, which can be utilized during periods of growth, flowering, or fruit production. Some plants, like carrots and radishes, have specialized roots that store large amounts of carbohydrates.

4. Transportation: The root system facilitates the transport of water, nutrients, and other substances from the soil to the rest of the plant. Water and dissolved minerals are absorbed by the root hairs and transported upward through the xylem vessels to the leaves. At the same time, sugars and other organic compounds produced in the leaves are transported downward through the phloem vessels to the roots and other parts of the plant.

5. Interaction with Soil Microorganisms: Roots establish a symbiotic relationship with beneficial soil microorganisms, such as mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. These microorganisms help enhance nutrient uptake, improve soil structure, and protect the plant from pathogens.

6. Aeration: Some plants have specialized roots called pneumatophores or aerial roots that grow above the water or soil surface. These roots help in the exchange of gases, allowing oxygen to reach the submerged parts of the plant, such as the roots or rhizomes.

It is important to note that the specific functions of roots can vary depending on the plant species and environmental conditions.