Question

почему млекопитающие могут совершать разнообразные движения, даже изменять положение волос?

Answer 1

Физиология, сокращение мышечных тканей и покровов

Answer 2

Why can mammals perform various movements and even change the position of their hair?

Mammals have the ability to perform various movements and change the position of their hair due to several factors. These factors include the structure and function of their musculoskeletal system, the presence of specialized muscles, and the role of the nervous system in coordinating these movements.

Musculoskeletal System: Mammals have a complex musculoskeletal system that allows for a wide range of movements. Their skeleton provides support and protection, while their muscles enable movement by contracting and relaxing. The joints between bones allow for flexibility and articulation, enabling mammals to perform a diverse range of movements.

Specialized Muscles: Mammals possess specialized muscles that allow for specific movements. For example, skeletal muscles are responsible for voluntary movements, such as walking or running. These muscles are attached to bones via tendons and can be controlled consciously. Smooth muscles, found in organs like the digestive system, allow for involuntary movements. Cardiac muscles, found in the heart, enable the pumping of blood.

Nervous System: The nervous system plays a crucial role in coordinating movements in mammals. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. The brain sends signals to the muscles through the spinal cord and peripheral nerves, allowing for precise control of movements. The sensory receptors in the skin and other tissues provide feedback to the nervous system, allowing mammals to adjust their movements based on external stimuli.

Hair Positioning: Mammals can also change the position of their hair. This is due to the presence of specialized muscles called arrector pili muscles. When these muscles contract, they cause the hair follicles to stand upright, resulting in what is commonly known as "goosebumps" or "piloerection." This response can be triggered by various factors, including cold temperatures, fear, or emotional arousal.

In summary, mammals can perform various movements and change the position of their hair due to the complex musculoskeletal system, specialized muscles, and the coordination provided by the nervous system. The ability to change the position of their hair is facilitated by the contraction of arrector pili muscles.