Question

1.напишите,каково значение скелета.какие бывают типы скелетов?помогитее:*2.Какие приемущества дает животным наличие внутреннего скелета?

Answer 1

Скелет имеет механическое значение. Служит опорой мягким тканям, точкой приложения мышц и защитой внутрених органов( грудная клетка, череп). Так же скелет учавтвует в кроветворении Наружный скелет имеют простейшие, моллюски, членистоногие – это раковины улиток, мидий, панцири раков, крабов и прочные покровы насекомых. Крылья и покровы членистоногих состоят из хитина, который выделяют клетки кожи. У раков он пропитан минеральными солями и поэтому становится очень прочным панцирем.

Answer 2

Meaning and Types of Skeletons

The skeleton is a structural framework that provides support, shape, and protection to the body of an organism. It serves as an anchor for muscles and helps in locomotion. There are two main types of skeletons: exoskeletons and endoskeletons.

1. Exoskeletons: Exoskeletons are external skeletons found in many invertebrate animals, such as insects, crustaceans, and mollusks. These skeletons are made of a hard, rigid material, such as chitin or calcium carbonate. Exoskeletons provide protection against predators, support for the body, and a surface for muscle attachment. They also help prevent desiccation (drying out) in terrestrial organisms. However, exoskeletons have a disadvantage of limiting growth, as the organism needs to molt and shed its old exoskeleton to accommodate growth.

2. Endoskeletons: Endoskeletons are internal skeletons found in vertebrate animals, including humans. These skeletons are made up of bones and cartilage. Endoskeletons provide support, protection for internal organs, and a framework for muscle attachment. They also allow for growth and development as the organism matures. The endoskeleton of vertebrates is composed of the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, and ribcage) and the appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles).

Advantages of Having an Internal Skeleton

The presence of an internal skeleton, such as an endoskeleton, provides several advantages to animals:

1. Flexibility and Mobility: The internal skeleton allows for greater flexibility and mobility compared to exoskeletons. The bones and joints in the endoskeleton provide a wider range of movement, enabling animals to perform complex movements and activities.

2. Protection of Internal Organs: The internal skeleton provides a protective framework for vital organs. For example, the ribcage in humans protects the heart and lungs, while the skull protects the brain. This protection helps safeguard the delicate organs from external injuries.

3. Support for Muscles: The endoskeleton serves as an anchor for muscles, allowing them to exert force and generate movement. Muscles attach to bones via tendons, and when muscles contract, they pull on the bones, resulting in movement.

4. Growth and Development: Unlike exoskeletons, which need to be shed for growth, endoskeletons allow for continuous growth and development. As animals grow, their bones elongate and thicken, accommodating the increase in size.

5. Adaptability: The internal skeleton provides a flexible framework that can adapt to different environments and lifestyles. It allows animals to evolve and adapt to changing conditions over time.

In summary, the skeleton, whether exoskeleton or endoskeleton, plays a crucial role in providing support, protection, and mobility to organisms. The type of skeleton an animal possesses depends on its evolutionary history and ecological niche.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.