Question

Примеры стабилизирующего естественного отбора, пожалуйста

Answer 1

Из-за стабильных условий сохранилась кистеперая рыба латимерия и дерево гинко

Answer 2

Stabilizing Natural Selection

Stabilizing natural selection, also known as balancing selection, is a type of natural selection that favors the average or intermediate phenotype in a population. This means that individuals with traits closer to the average are more likely to survive and reproduce, while individuals with extreme traits are at a disadvantage.

Stabilizing natural selection occurs when the environment remains relatively constant over time, and extreme phenotypes are less suited to survive in that environment. As a result, the population becomes more homogeneous, with the average phenotype becoming more common.

Examples of Stabilizing Natural Selection:

1. Birth Weight in Humans: One example of stabilizing natural selection is the birth weight in humans. Babies born with very low birth weight or very high birth weight are more likely to face health complications and have a higher mortality rate. On the other hand, babies born with an average birth weight have a higher chance of survival and better overall health.

2. Beak Size in Birds: Another example is beak size in birds. In a population of birds that feed on a specific type of seed, individuals with beaks that are too small may struggle to crack open the seeds, while individuals with beaks that are too large may have difficulty handling the seeds. Birds with an intermediate beak size are better adapted to their environment and have a higher chance of survival and reproductive success.

3. Human Intelligence: Stabilizing natural selection may also play a role in human intelligence. Extremely low or high intelligence may be associated with cognitive impairments or difficulties in adapting to the environment. On the other hand, individuals with average intelligence are more likely to thrive and succeed in various aspects of life, including education, career, and social interactions.

4. Blood Pressure: Blood pressure regulation is another example of stabilizing natural selection. Individuals with extremely low or high blood pressure may experience health complications, while individuals with average blood pressure are more likely to maintain good health. This helps to maintain the stability of blood pressure within a population.

These examples illustrate how stabilizing natural selection acts to maintain the average phenotype within a population, ensuring the survival and reproductive success of individuals with traits that are well-suited to their environment.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.