Question

Почему астрономы древности не знали о существовании огромных планет - Урана и Нептуна,Хотя гораздо боее маленькие - Меркурий и Марс были им хорошо известны?Help me::::::!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 1

астрономы древности имели приборы с небольшой степенью увеличения, поэтому они в них могли рассмотреть ближайшие к Земле планеты, такие как Марс, Венера(первая и последняя звезда на небе), и возможно самую освещенную планету (ближайшую по орбите к Солнцу) Меркурий

Answer 2

Меркурий и Марс находятся гораздо ближе к Земле и наблюдаются с помощью простейших автрономических приборов.

Answer 3

Why didn't ancient astronomers know about the existence of Uranus and Neptune, while smaller planets like Mercury and Mars were well-known to them?

Ancient astronomers were not aware of the existence of Uranus and Neptune because these planets are much farther from the Sun and therefore appear much dimmer and move more slowly across the night sky compared to closer planets like Mercury and Mars. Additionally, the technology and instruments available to ancient astronomers were not powerful enough to detect and observe these distant and faint planets.

Ancient astronomers primarily relied on naked-eye observations and recorded the positions and movements of celestial objects. They were able to observe and track the movements of the five planets visible to the naked eye: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. These planets were known as the "wandering stars" because they appeared to move against the background of fixed stars.

The discovery of Uranus and Neptune came much later, with the aid of more advanced telescopes and mathematical calculations. Uranus was discovered by the British astronomer William Herschel in 1781, and Neptune was discovered through mathematical predictions and observations by the French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier and the English astronomer John Couch Adams in 1846.

The discovery of Uranus and Neptune required the use of telescopes with sufficient magnification and light-gathering power to detect the faint light from these distant planets. Additionally, accurate mathematical calculations were needed to predict the positions of these planets based on their gravitational interactions with other known celestial bodies.

In summary, the ancient astronomers did not have the necessary technology and instruments to observe and detect the distant and faint planets Uranus and Neptune. It was only with the advancements in telescopes and mathematical calculations in the 18th and 19th centuries that these planets were discovered.