Question

РЕБЯТ ПОМОГИТЕ ПЛИЗ ЗАВТРА ЗАЧЁТ 4. У животных в реакциях пластического обмена 1) происходит расщепление биополимеров 2) используется энергия АТФ 3) синтезируется АТФ 4) происходит денатурация белка 5. При фотосинтезе энергия света запасается в молекуле 1) АТФ; 2) воды; 3) кислорода; 4) углекислого газа 6. Примером бесполого размножения служит 1) образование семян у ландыша 2) развитие личинки у насекомого 3) почкование у гидры 4) партеногенез у пчёл

Answer 1

4)
Ответ: 2

5)
Ответ: 1

6)
Ответ: 3

Answer 2

Reactions of Metabolism in Animals:

In the reactions of plastic metabolism in animals, several processes occur. These include the breakdown of biopolymers, the utilization of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as energy, and the synthesis of ATP. Additionally, the denaturation of proteins can also occur.

1) Breakdown of biopolymers: During plastic metabolism, biopolymers such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are broken down into smaller molecules through processes like hydrolysis. This breakdown allows for the release of energy and the production of building blocks for other metabolic processes [[1]].

2) Utilization of ATP: ATP is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency in cells. It is used to power various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, active transport, and biosynthesis. When ATP is hydrolyzed, it releases energy that can be used by cells [[2]].

3) Synthesis of ATP: ATP can also be synthesized through processes like cellular respiration, where energy from the breakdown of organic molecules, such as glucose, is used to generate ATP. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells [[3]].

4) Denaturation of proteins: Denaturation refers to the structural changes in proteins that result in the loss of their biological activity. This can occur due to various factors such as heat, pH changes, or exposure to certain chemicals. Denaturation disrupts the protein's three-dimensional structure, leading to a loss of function [[4]].

Energy Storage in Photosynthesis:

During photosynthesis, light energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in molecules. The primary molecule involved in energy storage is ATP.

1) ATP: ATP is synthesized during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll. This energy is used to generate ATP through a process called photophosphorylation [[5]].

2) Water: In photosynthesis, water molecules are also involved in the light-dependent reactions. They are split into hydrogen ions (H+), electrons (e-), and oxygen (O2). The electrons released during this process are used to generate ATP and reduce another molecule called NADP+ to NADPH, which is an energy carrier [[6]].

3) Oxygen: Oxygen is a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis. It is released into the atmosphere as a waste product when water is split during the process [[7]].

4) Carbon dioxide: While carbon dioxide is not directly involved in the energy storage process of photosynthesis, it is an essential reactant in the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). In these reactions, carbon dioxide is used to synthesize organic molecules, such as glucose, which store energy [[8]].

Examples of Asexual Reproduction:

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes (sex cells). Here are some examples of asexual reproduction:

1) Seed formation in a lily: The formation of seeds in a lily plant is an example of sexual reproduction, not asexual reproduction. Seeds are formed through the fusion of male and female gametes, which are produced by the flower's reproductive organs [[9]].

2) Development of larvae in an insect: The development of larvae in insects, such as butterflies or beetles, is part of their life cycle but is not considered a form of asexual reproduction. Larvae develop from eggs that are laid by adult insects and undergo metamorphosis to transform into the adult form [[10]].

3) Budding in a hydra: Budding is a form of asexual reproduction observed in organisms like hydra. In this process, a small outgrowth or bud forms on the parent organism and eventually detaches to become an independent individual. The bud develops into a genetically identical copy of the parent organism [[11]].

4) Parthenogenesis in bees: Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which offspring develop from unfertilized eggs. This process is observed in some species of bees, where the queen bee can lay unfertilized eggs that develop into female worker bees [[12]].

It's important to note that while these examples demonstrate different forms of reproduction, not all of them are considered asexual reproduction.