Question

Завдяки чому лишайники можуть довго жити?СРОЧНО!

Answer 1

Лиша́йники  — симбиотические ассоциации грибов (микобионт) и микроскопических зелёных водорослей и/или цианобактерий (фотобионт, или фикобионт); микобионт образует слоевище (таломом), внутри которого располагаются клетки фотобионта. Группа насчитывает около 400 родов, включающих от 17000 до 27000 видов

Answer 2

Lifespan of Lichens

Lichens are unique organisms that consist of a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. This partnership allows lichens to thrive in various environments and gives them the ability to live for long periods of time. Here are some factors that contribute to the longevity of lichens:

1. Slow Growth Rate: Lichens have a slow growth rate compared to many other organisms. They grow at a rate of a few millimeters per year, which allows them to accumulate biomass over time and live for decades or even centuries.

2. Adaptability: Lichens are highly adaptable and can survive in extreme conditions that are inhospitable to many other organisms. They can be found in deserts, arctic regions, rocky surfaces, and polluted environments. This adaptability allows lichens to persist and survive for long periods of time.

3. Drought Resistance: Lichens have the ability to withstand long periods of drought. They can become dormant and enter a state of metabolic inactivity when water is scarce. This dormancy helps them conserve energy and survive until favorable conditions return.

4. Environmental Tolerance: Lichens are known for their ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions, including temperature fluctuations, high levels of ultraviolet radiation, and exposure to pollutants. This tolerance allows them to colonize diverse habitats and increases their chances of survival.

5. Reproduction Strategies: Lichens have various reproductive strategies that contribute to their longevity. They can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction occurs through the fragmentation of thallus, where small pieces of lichen can detach and establish new colonies. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of fungal and algal or cyanobacterial cells, leading to the formation of spores that can disperse and colonize new areas.

In summary, the ability of lichens to live for long periods of time can be attributed to their slow growth rate, adaptability to different environments, resistance to drought, tolerance to harsh conditions, and their reproductive strategies. These factors collectively contribute to the longevity of lichens and allow them to persist in various habitats for extended periods.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.