Question

Какие движущие силы эволюции выделил ч дарвин? 1) изменчивость и естественный отбор 2) наследственность, изменчивость и естественный отбор 3) наследственность , изменчивость и борьба за существование 4)наследственность , изменчивость , борьба за существование и естественный отбор

Answer 1

4) наследственность, изменчивость, борьба за существование и естественный отбор.

Answer 2

Charles Darwin identified three main driving forces of evolution: variation, inheritance, and natural selection. These forces work together to shape the diversity of life on Earth.

1) Variation:

Variation refers to the differences that exist among individuals within a population. This variation can be observed in traits such as size, color, behavior, and physiology. Darwin recognized that individuals within a species are not identical, and these differences arise from genetic variations and environmental factors.

2) Inheritance:

Inheritance refers to the passing on of traits from parents to offspring. Darwin understood that traits are inherited from one generation to the next through the transmission of genetic information. This means that offspring tend to resemble their parents and share some of their traits.

3) Natural Selection:

Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time. It occurs when individuals with certain advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations. On the other hand, individuals with less advantageous traits are less likely to survive and reproduce, leading to a decrease in the frequency of those traits in the population.

These three forces of evolution work together in the following way: Variation provides the raw material for natural selection to act upon. Individuals within a population exhibit different traits due to genetic variations and environmental factors. Some of these traits may confer advantages in terms of survival and reproduction, while others may be disadvantageous. Natural selection then acts on this variation, favoring individuals with advantageous traits and allowing them to pass on those traits to their offspring. Over time, this process leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population and the adaptation of organisms to their environment.

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