Question

Почему кожа принимает участие в обмене веществ

Answer 1

В клетках кожи происходит образование энергии из питательных веществ и кислорода.

Answer 2

The Role of Skin in Metabolism

The skin plays an important role in the metabolism of the body. Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur within living organisms to maintain life. It involves the conversion of food into energy, the elimination of waste products, and the synthesis of essential molecules.

1. Regulation of Body Temperature: One of the key functions of the skin is to regulate body temperature. The skin helps maintain a stable internal body temperature by controlling heat loss through processes such as sweating and vasodilation. When the body gets too hot, sweat glands in the skin produce sweat, which evaporates and cools the body down. Conversely, when the body gets too cold, blood vessels in the skin constrict to reduce heat loss and conserve body heat.

2. Protection and Barrier Function: The skin acts as a protective barrier against external threats such as pathogens, UV radiation, and chemicals. It prevents the entry of harmful substances into the body and helps maintain the internal environment. The outermost layer of the skin, called the epidermis, consists of tightly packed cells that provide a physical barrier. Additionally, the skin produces antimicrobial peptides that help fight off infections.

3. Vitamin D Synthesis: The skin is involved in the synthesis of vitamin D, an essential nutrient for maintaining healthy bones and teeth. When exposed to sunlight, a precursor molecule in the skin called 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted into vitamin D3. This inactive form of vitamin D is then converted into its active form by the liver and kidneys.

4. Absorption and Excretion: The skin has the ability to absorb certain substances, such as medications and chemicals, through its outer layer. This property is utilized in transdermal drug delivery systems. Additionally, the skin can excrete small amounts of waste products, such as water, electrolytes, and urea, through sweat glands.

5. Sensation: The skin contains numerous sensory receptors that allow us to perceive touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. These receptors send signals to the brain, enabling us to interact with our environment and respond to stimuli.

6. Immune Function: The skin is an important component of the immune system. It contains immune cells, such as Langerhans cells and T cells, that help defend against pathogens and foreign substances. These cells recognize and eliminate potential threats, contributing to the body's overall immune response.

In summary, the skin participates in the body's metabolism through various functions, including temperature regulation, protection, vitamin D synthesis, absorption and excretion, sensation, and immune function. It is a complex organ that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and well-being.