Question

Что такое полимерная цепная реакция

Answer 1

полимеразная цепная реакция- это современный метод молекулярной диагностики различных инфекционных заболеваний.

Answer 2

What is a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to make multiple copies of a segment of DNA. It is widely used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.

PCR is a crucial tool for various applications, including medical diagnostics, forensic analysis, cloning, and genetic engineering. The technique was first developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for his invention.

PCR involves a series of temperature changes that enable DNA replication in vitro (in a test tube or other vessel). The process typically includes three main steps: denaturation, annealing, and extension. During denaturation, the DNA strands are separated by heating. In the annealing step, the temperature is lowered to allow primers to bind to the DNA. Finally, during the extension step, DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands complementary to the DNA template.

PCR has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and has become an indispensable tool in various scientific and practical applications.