Question

Что такое отдаленная гибридизация ? Приведите примеры

Answer 1

Отдалённая гибридизация
Основным методом селекции, которым пользовался Бёрбанк, был отбор после отдалённого скрещивания растений, принадлежащих зачастую не только к различным видам, но и к разным родам. Это увеличивало разнообразие признаков у потомства. Этот способ селекции был общим у Бёрбанка и русского селекционера И. В. Мичурина. Для обоих селекционеров был характерно большое разнообразие вовлеченных в опытную работу культур, сортов и диких видов растений. 

Answer 2

Отдаленная гибридизация — такие скрещивания, когда подобраны пары относятся к разным видам или родам, то есть удаленными не в географическом, а в семейном отношении. В соответствии с этим различают межвидовые (пшеница мягкая × пшеница твердая) и межродовые (пшеница × рожь) скрещивания.Например Перечная мята, гибрид между мятой колосистой и мятой водяной

Answer 3

What is remote hybridization?

Remote hybridization refers to the process of combining genetic material from two different species that are not closely related. It involves the transfer of genetic material between species that are distantly related or belong to different genera or families. This technique is used in various fields, including plant breeding and genetic engineering, to introduce desirable traits from one species into another.

Examples of remote hybridization:

1. Wheat-Rye Hybrid: One example of remote hybridization is the creation of a hybrid between wheat and rye. Wheat and rye belong to different genera and have different chromosome numbers. However, through remote hybridization techniques, scientists have been able to create a hybrid known as "Triticale." Triticale combines the desirable characteristics of both wheat and rye, such as high yield and disease resistance.

2. Liger: Another example of remote hybridization is the creation of a hybrid between a lion and a tiger. Lions and tigers belong to different species and genera, but they can interbreed in captivity. The resulting hybrid, known as a "liger," exhibits characteristics of both species, such as the size and strength of a lion and the stripes of a tiger.

3. Mule: A well-known example of remote hybridization is the creation of a hybrid between a male donkey and a female horse, resulting in a mule. Donkeys and horses belong to different species and have different numbers of chromosomes. Mules are known for their strength and endurance, making them useful in agriculture and transportation.

4. Plumcot: Remote hybridization has also been used to create hybrids between different fruit species. For example, a plumcot is a hybrid between a plum and an apricot. Plumcots combine the sweetness of plums with the juiciness of apricots, creating a unique fruit with a distinct flavor.

These examples demonstrate how remote hybridization can be used to create hybrids with desirable traits by combining genetic material from distantly related species.