Question

Охарактеризуйте свойства гормонов.

Answer 1

Гомон щитовидной железы -гипофиз регулирет рост человека
инсулин - выделяется поджелудочной железой нехватка вызывает диабет

Answer 2

Действуют в малых количествах
Регулируют только обмен веществ.
После окончания действия разрушаются
Активность зависит от деятельности ЦНС
Необхоимы в течении всей жизни

Answer 3

Properties of Hormones

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by various glands in the body. They play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes and maintaining homeostasis. Here are some key properties of hormones:

1. Chemical Nature: Hormones can be classified into different chemical classes, including peptides, proteins, steroids, and amines. Peptide and protein hormones are composed of amino acids, while steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol. Amine hormones are derived from the amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan.

2. Secretion: Hormones are secreted by specialized cells or glands into the bloodstream. They are released in response to specific signals, such as changes in blood levels of certain substances, neural signals, or other hormones. The secretion of hormones is tightly regulated to maintain balance in the body.

3. Target Cells: Hormones act on specific target cells or tissues in the body. These cells have receptors that recognize and bind to the hormones, initiating a cascade of cellular events. The response of the target cells to hormones can vary depending on the hormone and the specific target tissue.

4. Mode of Action: Hormones can exert their effects through various mechanisms. Some hormones bind to receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a series of intracellular signaling pathways. Others enter the target cells and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus, directly influencing gene expression.

5. Regulation: Hormone levels in the body are tightly regulated through a complex feedback system. Negative feedback loops help maintain hormone levels within a narrow range. When hormone levels rise, feedback mechanisms are activated to decrease hormone production or release. Conversely, when hormone levels are low, feedback mechanisms stimulate hormone production or release.

6. Duration of Action: The duration of hormone action can vary. Some hormones have a short half-life and exert their effects quickly, while others have a longer half-life and can have prolonged effects. The duration of hormone action is also influenced by factors such as metabolism and clearance from the body.

7. Interactions: Hormones can interact with each other and with other substances in the body. For example, some hormones may enhance or inhibit the effects of other hormones. Additionally, hormones can be influenced by external factors such as stress, nutrition, and environmental factors.

In conclusion, hormones are essential chemical messengers that play a vital role in regulating various physiological processes in the body. They exhibit diverse properties, including their chemical nature, secretion, target cells, mode of action, regulation, duration of action, and interactions with other substances in the body.