Question

Процесс копирования информации о последовательности аминокислот в белках с ДНК на иРНК называют 1) триплетом 2) трансляцией 3) транскрипцией 4) генетическим кодом

Answer 1

Правильный ответ: транскрипция - переписывание информации с ДНК на иРНК.

Answer 2

Process of Copying Information from DNA to mRNA

The process of copying the information about the sequence of amino acids in proteins from DNA to mRNA is called transcription. Transcription is a fundamental process in molecular biology that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. It involves the synthesis of a complementary RNA molecule based on the DNA template strand.

During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA called the promoter. The RNA polymerase then unwinds the DNA double helix and synthesizes a single-stranded RNA molecule, known as messenger RNA (mRNA), by adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the growing RNA chain. The mRNA molecule is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, complementary to the DNA template strand, which is read in the 3' to 5' direction.

The process of transcription can be summarized as follows: 1. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA promoter region. 2. The DNA double helix is unwound. 3. RNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary mRNA molecule using RNA nucleotides. 4. The mRNA molecule is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. 5. Transcription terminates when RNA polymerase reaches a specific termination sequence on the DNA.

Terminology Related to DNA to mRNA Copying Process

1. Triplet: A triplet refers to a sequence of three nucleotides on the DNA or mRNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid. Each triplet is known as a codon. The genetic code is a set of rules that determines the correspondence between each codon and the specific amino acid it codes for.

2. Transcription: Transcription is the process of copying the information about the sequence of amino acids in proteins from DNA to mRNA. It involves the synthesis of a complementary RNA molecule based on the DNA template strand.

3. Genetic Code: The genetic code is a set of rules that determines the correspondence between each codon (triplet) on the mRNA molecule and the specific amino acid it codes for. The genetic code is universal, meaning that the same codons code for the same amino acids in all living organisms.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 3) transcription. Transcription is the process of copying the information about the sequence of amino acids in proteins from DNA to mRNA.

Please let me know if you have any further questions!