Question

1 специализированная клетка бактерий служащая для переживания неблагоприятных условий

Answer 1

1 специализированная клетка это спора

Answer 2

Specialized Bacterial Cell for Surviving Adverse Conditions

A specialized bacterial cell that serves to survive adverse conditions is known as a spore. Bacterial spores are a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria from the Firmicute phylum. These spores are highly resistant to heat, desiccation, chemicals, and radiation, allowing the bacteria to survive in harsh environments.

Bacterial spores are formed as a response to unfavorable environmental conditions, such as nutrient depletion or exposure to extreme temperatures. The process of spore formation is called sporulation, and it involves the transformation of a vegetative cell into a spore, which can remain dormant for extended periods until conditions become favorable for germination.

The ability of bacterial spores to withstand adverse conditions is attributed to their unique structure, which includes a tough outer coat and low metabolic activity. This enables them to endure extreme conditions that would normally be lethal to vegetative bacterial cells.

In summary, a specialized bacterial cell that enables survival in adverse conditions is known as a spore. Bacterial spores are formed as a response to unfavorable environmental conditions and possess unique characteristics that allow them to withstand harsh environments until conditions become favorable for germination.