Question

Какая структура клетки претерпевает наибольшие изменения в процессе деления?

Answer 1

Ядро и оболочка наверное

Answer 2

The Structure of a Cell Undergoes the Most Changes During Cell Division

During the process of cell division, the structure of a cell undergoes significant changes. The two main types of cell division are mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the process by which somatic cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, while meiosis is the process by which germ cells divide to produce four non-identical daughter cells.

In both mitosis and meiosis, the cell goes through a series of stages, each characterized by specific changes in the structure of the cell. These stages include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Prophase: During prophase, the chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form visible chromosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down, and the centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell, forming the spindle apparatus.

Metaphase: In metaphase, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell, known as the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes.

Anaphase: During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This is facilitated by the shortening of the spindle fibers.

Telophase: In telophase, the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, and the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes. The chromosomes begin to decondense, and the spindle apparatus disassembles.

Cytokinesis: After telophase, the cell undergoes cytokinesis, which is the division of the cytoplasm. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms, pinching the cell in two. In plant cells, a cell plate forms, eventually dividing the cell into two daughter cells.

These changes in the structure of the cell during cell division are crucial for the accurate distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells. The process ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes and is genetically identical to the parent cell.