Question

Як корені забезпечують життєдіяльність рослин. Наприклад: для підтримування життя корені дуба викачують з ґрунту кожногго дня до 4 тисяч літрів води.

Answer 1

Корені підтримують рослину у грунті.
Через корені до  листків потрапляють мінеральні речовини, які потрібні у процесі фотосинтезу. 
За допомогою коренів деякі рослини розмножуються (вегетативне розмноження) та розселяються на великі території. 

Answer 2

The Role of Roots in Plant Life

Roots play a crucial role in the survival and growth of plants. They are responsible for several important functions, including anchoring the plant in the soil, absorbing water and nutrients, storing food reserves, and interacting with beneficial soil microorganisms. Let's explore how roots support the life of plants in more detail.

Anchoring and Support

One of the primary functions of roots is to anchor the plant in the soil, providing stability and support. This is especially important for larger plants like trees, which need a strong root system to withstand wind and other environmental factors.

Absorption of Water and Nutrients

Roots are also responsible for absorbing water and essential nutrients from the soil. They have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the surface area available for absorption. These root hairs are in close contact with the soil particles, allowing for the uptake of water and dissolved nutrients.

Plants require water for various physiological processes, including photosynthesis, nutrient transport, and maintaining turgidity. The amount of water absorbed by roots can vary depending on the plant species, environmental conditions, and the plant's water requirements.

Storage of Food Reserves

In addition to absorbing water and nutrients, roots also serve as storage organs for food reserves. Some plants store carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, in their roots. These stored reserves can be utilized during periods of limited nutrient availability or when the plant requires extra energy for growth, flowering, or fruit production.

Interactions with Soil Microorganisms

Roots have a symbiotic relationship with certain soil microorganisms, such as mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Mycorrhizal fungi form a mutually beneficial association with plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus, in exchange for carbohydrates produced by the plant. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants, contributing to their nitrogen nutrition.

Example: Oak Tree Roots and Water Uptake

As an example, let's consider the water uptake by the roots of an oak tree. Oak tree roots are known for their extensive network and ability to extract large amounts of water from the soil. While the claim that oak tree roots can extract up to 4,000 liters of water per day seems impressive, it is important to note that the actual water uptake can vary depending on factors such as tree size, soil conditions, and climate.

Conclusion

In conclusion, roots are vital for the survival and growth of plants. They provide anchorage, absorb water and nutrients, store food reserves, and interact with beneficial soil microorganisms. While the specific water uptake capacity of oak tree roots may vary, it is clear that roots play a crucial role in supporting the life and functioning of plants.