Question

3.объясните биологическую роль процесса деления клетки.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Процесс деления клеток крайне важен сразу по нескольким причинам:

1) В процессе деления клеток, который особенно бурно протекает в молодом возрасте организмов (если говорить о многоклеточных), обеспечивается рост организма.

2) Деление обеспечивает передачу мутаций и полезных приспособительных свойств, которые были закреплены в генотипе.

3) Деление обеспечивает появление молодых (дочерних) клеток в тот момент, когда старые (материнские) уже плохо выполняют или вовсе не выполняют своих первоначальных функций.

4) Благодаря делению клетки способны выживать, размножаться и не исчезать с лица планеты (если речь идёт об одноклеточных организмах).

Объяснение:

Answer 2

The Biological Role of Cell Division

Cell division is a fundamental process in biology that plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and maintenance of living organisms. It is essential for the reproduction of cells and the formation of new tissues and organs. Cell division occurs in two main stages: mitosis and cytokinesis.

Mitosis is the process by which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It is responsible for the growth and repair of tissues, as well as the production of new cells. During mitosis, the cell's genetic material, contained in the nucleus, is duplicated and divided equally between the two daughter cells. This ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes, which carry the genetic information necessary for the cell's functioning and development.

Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, during which the cytoplasm of the parent cell is divided, resulting in the formation of two separate daughter cells. Cytokinesis ensures that each daughter cell has its own set of organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes, which are essential for cellular functions.

The biological role of cell division can be summarized as follows:

1. Growth and Development: Cell division is responsible for the growth and development of multicellular organisms. It allows for the increase in cell number, leading to the formation of new tissues and organs. During development, cell division is tightly regulated to ensure proper tissue formation and organogenesis.

2. Tissue Repair and Regeneration: Cell division plays a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration. When tissues are damaged, cell division allows for the replacement of damaged or dead cells with new, healthy cells. This process is essential for wound healing and the recovery from injuries.

3. Asexual Reproduction: In some organisms, cell division is the primary method of reproduction. Through a process called binary fission, single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and protists, divide into two identical daughter cells. This allows for rapid population growth and the colonization of new environments.

4. Maintenance of Chromosome Number: Cell division ensures the proper distribution of chromosomes during cell reproduction. By duplicating and segregating the genetic material, cell division maintains the correct chromosome number in daughter cells. This is crucial for the stability and integrity of the organism's genome.

5. Cell Renewal: In tissues with a high turnover rate, such as the skin, blood, and intestinal lining, cell division is responsible for the continuous renewal of cells. Old or damaged cells are replaced by new cells through cell division, ensuring the proper functioning of these tissues.

6. Embryonic Development: During embryonic development, cell division is responsible for the formation of the embryo from a single fertilized egg. Through a series of cell divisions, the embryo grows and develops into a complex multicellular organism.

In summary, cell division is a vital process in biology that allows for growth, development, tissue repair, reproduction, and the maintenance of genetic stability. It is essential for the survival and functioning of living organisms.