Question

ЗАДАНИЕ №1 ВРЕМЯ НА ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕ: 05:52 ТЕКСТ ЗАДАНИЯ Какие типы движения характерны для растений? ЗАГРУЗКА ФАЙЛОВ Добавить фай Биология ПОМОГИТЕЕЕ​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Существующие способы движения у растений можно классифицировать следующим образом [3]:

1) внутриклеточные движения (движение цитоплазмы и органоидов);

2) локомоторные движения клеток с помощью жгутиков (таксисы);

3) ростовые движения на основе роста клеток растяжением (удлинение осевых органов-побегов и корней, рост листьев, круговые нутации, тропизмы, ростовые настии);

4) верхушечный рост (рост пыльцевых трубок, корневых волосков, протонемы мхов);

5) обратимые тургорные движения: движения устьиц, настии, сейсмонастии.

Answer 2

Types of Movements in Plants

Plants exhibit various types of movements, which are essential for their growth, survival, and reproduction. Here are some of the key types of movements observed in plants:

1. Tropism: Tropism refers to the growth or movement of a plant in response to an external stimulus. There are different types of tropisms, including:

- Phototropism: Phototropism is the movement of a plant in response to light. Typically, plant shoots exhibit positive phototropism, meaning they grow towards a light source, while roots exhibit negative phototropism, growing away from light sources. - Geotropism/Gravitropism: Geotropism, also known as gravitropism, is the growth or movement of a plant in response to gravity. Plant shoots exhibit negative geotropism, growing against the force of gravity, while roots exhibit positive geotropism, growing in the direction of gravity. - Thigmotropism: Thigmotropism is the movement of a plant in response to touch or contact with a solid object. Examples include tendrils of climbing plants coiling around a support or the movement of Venus flytrap leaves in response to touch.

2. Nastic Movements: Nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli that do not depend on the direction of the stimulus. These movements are typically rapid and reversible. Some examples of nastic movements in plants include:

- Nyctinasty: Nyctinasty is the rhythmic opening and closing of flowers or leaves in response to light and darkness. Examples include the opening of flowers during the day and their closing at night. - Thermonasty: Thermonasty is the movement of plant parts in response to temperature changes. For example, certain flowers may close or open in response to changes in temperature.

3. Circadian Rhythms: Circadian rhythms are internal biological rhythms that follow a 24-hour cycle. Plants exhibit circadian rhythms, which regulate various physiological processes, including leaf movements, stomatal opening and closing, and hormone production.

4. Hydrotropism: Hydrotropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to water. Plant roots exhibit positive hydrotropism, growing towards sources of water.

5. Chemotropism: Chemotropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to chemical stimuli. For example, pollen tubes grow towards ovules in response to chemical signals released by the ovules.

These are just a few examples of the types of movements observed in plants. Each type of movement plays a crucial role in the plant's ability to respond to its environment and optimize its growth and survival.

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