Question

Як буде змінюватися концентрація забрудників у ланцюгах живлення(більшість забруднювачів накопичуються в клітинах і тканинах організмів, не звільняючись у зовнішне середовище)? В яких дозах вони будуть надходити в організм людини в залежності від спожитої їжі(рослини,рослиноїдні,хижі тварини, гриби та інші.?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Некоторые вещества долго не выводятся из организма, аккумулируясь в тканях и органах;

через такое увеличение концентрации их негативное влияние на организм постоянно растет и

усиливается (так называемый кумулятивный эффект).  По данным международных организаций

промышленность производит более 11 тыс. химикатов, из которых около 3 тыс. составляют серьезную

угрозу не только здоровью человека, но и его жизни.  Содержание примерно 800 веществ в окружающей среде

контролируется в Украине Министерством экологии и природных ресурсов, Министерством

здравоохранения, гидрометеорологической службой, общественными организациями.  Впрочем

такой контроль не охватывает даже трети известных веществ, опасных для человека.

Контроль химического состояния среды требует больших финансовых и материальных

затрат, высокой квалификации экспертов.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Changes in Pollutant Concentration in Food Chains

The concentration of pollutants in food chains can vary depending on several factors. In general, most pollutants tend to accumulate in the cells and tissues of organisms, rather than being released into the external environment. This accumulation can lead to an increase in pollutant concentration as you move up the food chain, a phenomenon known as biomagnification.

Biomagnification occurs because organisms at higher trophic levels consume a larger number of organisms from lower trophic levels, resulting in the accumulation of pollutants from multiple sources. As a result, top predators in a food chain often have the highest concentrations of pollutants.

Dose of Pollutants in the Human Body

The dose of pollutants that enter the human body depends on the type of food consumed. Different organisms have varying levels of pollutant accumulation, and the consumption of these organisms can lead to different levels of exposure.

1. Plants: Plants, such as fruits, vegetables, and grains, are generally considered to have lower levels of pollutant accumulation compared to animals. However, it is important to note that some plants, especially those grown in polluted areas or treated with pesticides, may contain higher levels of certain pollutants.

2. Herbivorous Animals: Herbivorous animals, which consume plants, can accumulate pollutants present in the plants they eat. However, the concentration of pollutants in herbivores is generally lower compared to carnivorous animals.

3. Carnivorous Animals: Carnivorous animals, which consume other animals, can accumulate higher levels of pollutants due to biomagnification. As mentioned earlier, top predators in a food chain often have the highest concentrations of pollutants.

4. Fungi: Fungi, such as mushrooms, can accumulate pollutants from the environment. The concentration of pollutants in fungi can vary depending on the specific species and the environment in which they grow.

It is important to note that the specific dose of pollutants in the human body will depend on various factors, including the type and amount of food consumed, the specific pollutants present, and individual factors such as metabolism and overall health.

Conclusion

In summary, the concentration of pollutants in food chains can increase as you move up the trophic levels due to biomagnification. The dose of pollutants in the human body will depend on the type of food consumed, with higher levels of pollutants generally found in carnivorous animals compared to herbivorous animals and plants. However, it is important to consider that the specific dose of pollutants can vary depending on various factors and individual circumstances.