Question

1. Отметьте структуры, участвующие в транспорте веществ у растений * 2 баллаА) кораВ) сердцевинаС) луб (флоэма)D) камбийЕ) древесина (ксилема)F) эпидермисJ) пробка​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Эпидермис, камбий

Answer 2

Structures involved in the transport of substances in plants:

Plants have specialized structures that are involved in the transport of substances, including water, nutrients, and sugars. These structures are responsible for the movement of substances from one part of the plant to another. Here are the structures involved in the transport of substances in plants:

A) Xylem: The xylem is a complex tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It consists of specialized cells called tracheids and vessel elements, which are interconnected to form long tubes. The movement of water in the xylem is primarily driven by transpiration, the loss of water vapor through the stomata in the leaves. [[1]]

B) Phloem: The phloem is another complex tissue that transports sugars, amino acids, and other organic compounds from the leaves to other parts of the plant. It consists of specialized cells called sieve elements, which are connected end-to-end to form sieve tubes. The movement of substances in the phloem is primarily driven by a process called translocation, which involves the active transport of sugars from source to sink tissues. [[2]]

C) Epidermis: The epidermis is the outermost layer of cells in the plant. It acts as a protective barrier and helps reduce water loss through its waxy cuticle. The epidermis also contains specialized cells called guard cells, which control the opening and closing of stomata, regulating the exchange of gases and water vapor between the plant and its environment. [[3]]

D) Cork: Cork is a protective tissue that forms the outermost layer of the stems and roots of woody plants. It is composed of dead cells with a thick, waterproof cell wall. Cork cells provide protection against physical damage, pathogens, and water loss. The cork cambium, a layer of meristematic cells, produces new cork cells as the plant grows. [[4]]

E) Cambium: The cambium is a layer of meristematic cells located between the xylem and phloem in the stems and roots of woody plants. It is responsible for secondary growth, which results in an increase in the girth of the plant. The cambium produces new xylem cells towards the inside and new phloem cells towards the outside, contributing to the growth and development of the plant. [[5]]

F) Pith: The pith is a central region of parenchyma cells found in the stems of dicotyledonous plants. It provides support and storage for the plant. The pith is involved in the transport of water and nutrients within the stem. [[6]]

These structures work together to ensure the efficient transport of substances in plants, allowing them to grow, develop, and carry out essential functions.

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