Question

СРОЧНО!!!ПЖЖ 1.Укажите наиболее эффективный и экологически безопасный способ борьбы с грибами-паразитами:1)обработка растений фунгицидами2)создание устойчивых сортов растений3)использование протравленного семени4)уничтожение сорняков2.Аспергилл может образовывать:1)съедобные плодовые 2)телаядовитые плодовые тела3)плесень на корочке хлеба4)микоризу с соснойСРОЧНО!!!!​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Оба ответа к вопросам :1-1,2-3

Answer 2

Most effective and environmentally friendly method to combat fungal parasites:

The most effective and environmentally friendly method to combat fungal parasites depends on the specific situation and the type of crop or plant affected. However, here are some commonly used methods:

1) Treatment of plants with fungicides: Fungicides are chemical substances that are used to control or kill fungi. They can be applied to plants as sprays or dusts to prevent or treat fungal infections. Fungicides can be effective in controlling fungal parasites, but they should be used judiciously to minimize their impact on the environment and human health.

2) Development of resistant plant varieties: Creating and cultivating plant varieties that are resistant to fungal parasites is another effective approach. This involves breeding or genetically modifying plants to have natural resistance to specific fungal diseases. Resistant plant varieties can reduce the need for fungicide applications and minimize the risk of fungal infections.

3) Use of treated seeds: Treating seeds with fungicides or other protective substances can help prevent fungal infections in the early stages of plant growth. This method is particularly useful for crops that are susceptible to seed-borne fungal diseases. Treated seeds provide a protective barrier against fungal parasites and promote healthy plant growth.

4) Weed control: Fungal parasites can often thrive in the presence of weeds or other unwanted plants. Therefore, effective weed control measures can help reduce the spread and impact of fungal diseases. This can be achieved through manual removal, mulching, or the use of herbicides.

It is important to note that the choice of method may vary depending on the specific circumstances, the severity of the fungal infection, and the desired level of environmental impact. Integrated pest management (IPM) practices, which combine multiple strategies, are often recommended for sustainable and effective control of fungal parasites [[1]].

Aspergillus and its characteristics:

Aspergillus is a genus of fungi that includes several species. Here are some characteristics of Aspergillus:

1) Edible fruiting bodies: Some species of Aspergillus can produce edible fruiting bodies, such as the Aspergillus oryzae used in the production of soy sauce and sake. These fruiting bodies are safe for consumption and have culinary uses.

2) Toxic fruiting bodies: Certain species of Aspergillus can produce toxic fruiting bodies, known as mycotoxins. These mycotoxins can contaminate food and pose a health risk if consumed. One example is Aspergillus flavus, which produces aflatoxins, potent carcinogens that can contaminate crops such as peanuts and corn.

3) Mold on bread: Aspergillus species can also form mold on bread and other food items. The presence of Aspergillus mold on bread is generally considered undesirable and can indicate spoilage.

4) Mycorrhizal association with pine trees: Some species of Aspergillus can form mycorrhizal associations with pine trees. Mycorrhizae are mutually beneficial associations between fungi and plant roots, where the fungus helps the plant absorb nutrients from the soil.

It is important to note that the characteristics of Aspergillus can vary depending on the specific species. Some species have beneficial uses, while others can be harmful. Proper identification and handling of Aspergillus species are crucial to ensure food safety and prevent health risks [[2]] [[3]].

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.