Question

Скажитыте срочно отличия бакткюерии от растмюительной клетки да 15 баллов

Answer 1

Бактериальная клетка:

1. Имеет клеточную стенку из муреина (цианобактерии - целлюлоза с примесью муреина).

2. Отсутствует оформленное ядро

3. Отсутствуют мембранные органоиды

4. Имеет особую систему впячивания мембраны - мезосому

5. Имеет добавочные кольца ДНК - плазмиды

6. Способны образовывать споры из клетки для защиты от агрессивной окружающей среды.

7. Деление: бинарное, реже почкование. Митоз и мейоз отсутствуют.

Растительная клетка:

1. Клеточная стенка только из целлюлозы

2. Имеет цельное ядро с ядрышком

3. Имеет одно- и двумембранные органоиды: комплекс Гольджи, ЭПС, митохондрии, пластиды.

4. Не имеет мезосомы.

5. Не имеет плазмидов

6. Образуют споры только для размножения

7. Деление: митоз и мейоз

Answer 2

#### Differences between Bacteria and Plant Cells Bacteria and plant cells are both types of cells, but they have several key differences. Here are some of the main distinctions: **1. Cell Structure:** - Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, which means they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They have a simple structure with a cell membrane and a cell wall. Some bacteria also have flagella for movement. - Plant cells, on the other hand, are eukaryotic cells, which means they have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They have a more complex structure with a cell membrane, a cell wall made of cellulose, and various organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and a large central vacuole. **2. Size and Shape:** - Bacteria are generally smaller in size compared to plant cells. They can range from 0.2 to 10 micrometers in length. - Plant cells are larger and more varied in shape. They can range from 10 to 100 micrometers in length and can have various shapes depending on their function. **3. Reproduction:** - Bacteria reproduce asexually through binary fission, where one cell divides into two identical daughter cells. - Plant cells can reproduce both sexually and asexually. They can undergo mitosis to produce identical daughter cells or undergo meiosis for sexual reproduction. **4. Energy Production:** - Bacteria can obtain energy through various metabolic processes, such as fermentation or respiration, depending on the type of bacteria. - Plant cells use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy. They contain chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy. **5. Genetic Material:** - Bacteria have a single circular chromosome made of DNA, which is not enclosed within a nucleus. - Plant cells have multiple linear chromosomes made of DNA, which are enclosed within a nucleus. **6. Cell Organization:** - Bacteria are unicellular organisms, meaning they consist of a single cell. - Plant cells are part of multicellular organisms and work together to form tissues, organs, and ultimately, the whole plant. These are some of the key differences between bacteria and plant cells. It's important to note that there are many different types of bacteria and plant cells, so there may be variations within these general characteristics.