Question

Симбиоз, хищничество, конкуренция, комменсализм.. и тд.

Answer 1

Симбиоз - взаимовыгодное "сожительство" двух организмов, в котором каждый из организмов полезен для другого.

Хищничество - форма трофических взаимоотношений между организмами разных видов, при которых один из них (хищник) атакует другого (жертву) и питается его плотью, то есть обычно присутствует акт умерщвления жертвы.

Конкуренция -  любые антагонистические отношения, связанные с борьбой за существование, за доминирование, за пищу, пространство и другие ресурсы между организмами, видами или популяциями видов...

Комменсализм — способ совместного существования (симбиоза) двух разных видов живых организмов, при котором один из партнёров этой системы (комменсал) возлагает на другого (хозяина) регуляцию своих отношений с внешней средой, но не вступает с ним в тесные взаимоотношения. При этом, популяция комменсалов извлекает пользу от взаимоотношения, а популяция хозяев не получает ни пользы, ни вреда.

Answer 2

#### Symbiosis, Predation, Competition, Commensalism, and More Symbiosis, predation, competition, and commensalism are all different types of ecological interactions that occur between organisms in an ecosystem. Let's explore each of these concepts in more detail: **Symbiosis** is a close and long-term interaction between two different species, where at least one species benefits. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: 1. **Mutualism**: Both species benefit from the interaction. An example of mutualism is the relationship between bees and flowers. Bees collect nectar from flowers for food, while inadvertently pollinating the flowers in the process. 2. **Parasitism**: One species benefits at the expense of the other. Parasites live on or inside their host organisms, deriving nutrients and shelter from them. Examples of parasites include ticks, fleas, and tapeworms. 3. **Commensalism**: One species benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. An example of commensalism is the relationship between cattle egrets and grazing cattle. The egrets feed on insects that are disturbed by the cattle as they move through the grass. **Predation** is the act of one organism, the predator, capturing and consuming another organism, the prey, for food. This interaction is crucial for maintaining the balance of populations in an ecosystem. Predators can be carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores, depending on their diet. **Competition** occurs when two or more organisms compete for the same limited resources, such as food, water, or territory. This competition can be between individuals of the same species (intraspecific competition) or between individuals of different species (interspecific competition). Competition can lead to the exclusion of one species from a particular habitat or the evolution of different resource-use strategies. **Commensalism** is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. In commensalism, the relationship is often one-sided, with one species using the other for resources or support without providing any benefit in return. An example of commensalism is the relationship between barnacles and whales. Barnacles attach themselves to the skin of whales, using them as a substrate for attachment and gaining access to a constant source of food. It's important to note that these ecological interactions are not mutually exclusive and can occur simultaneously within an ecosystem. They play a vital role in shaping the structure and dynamics of ecological communities.