Question

сравнить строение нервной системы паукообразных и насекомых,определить сходства и отличия

Answer 1

Нервная система Паукообразных - представлена надглоточной и головогрудной ганглии

Нервная система Насекомых - гораздо сложнее. Высокоразвит Головной нервный узел - "мозг", он соединен с брюшной нервной цепочкой

Answer 2

Structure of the Nervous System in Arachnids and Insects

Arachnids and insects are both members of the phylum Arthropoda and share certain similarities in their nervous system structure. However, there are also notable differences between the two groups.

Similarities: 1. Central Nervous System (CNS): Both arachnids and insects have a centralized nervous system consisting of a brain and a ventral nerve cord. The brain is responsible for processing sensory information and coordinating responses, while the ventral nerve cord serves as a pathway for transmitting signals throughout the body. 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Both groups have sensory organs, such as compound eyes and sensory bristles, which detect environmental stimuli. These sensory organs send signals to the CNS for processing and response generation.

Differences: 1. Brain Structure: Arachnids generally have a more complex brain structure compared to insects. Arachnid brains consist of a fused mass of ganglia, which are clusters of nerve cells, while insect brains are more segmented and consist of three pairs of ganglia called the protocerebrum, deutocerebrum, and tritocerebrum. 2. Number of Ganglia: Arachnids typically have more ganglia in their ventral nerve cord compared to insects. This allows for more precise control and coordination of movements in arachnids. 3. Sensory Organs: Arachnids have specialized sensory organs called slit sensilla, which are sensitive to vibrations and air currents. In contrast, insects have a wider range of sensory organs, including antennae, compound eyes, and tympanal organs for detecting sound. 4. Leg Control: Arachnids have more direct neural control over their legs compared to insects. Each leg in an arachnid has its own ganglion, allowing for more independent movement and coordination. In insects, leg control is more centralized, with ganglia in the thoracic segments controlling the movements of multiple legs. 5. Neurotransmitters: Arachnids and insects may differ in the types of neurotransmitters they use. For example, some arachnids use glutamate as a neurotransmitter, while insects predominantly use acetylcholine. 6. Neurohormones: Arachnids and insects also differ in the types of neurohormones they produce. For instance, arachnids produce neurohormones called orcokinins, which are involved in various physiological processes. Insects produce neuropeptides such as proctolin and allatostatin, which regulate muscle contractions and hormone release.

In summary, while arachnids and insects share certain similarities in their nervous system structure, such as a centralized nervous system and peripheral sensory organs, there are notable differences in brain structure, leg control, sensory organs, neurotransmitters, and neurohormones. These differences reflect the diverse adaptations and behaviors of these two groups of arthropods.

Note: The information provided above is based on search results and snippets from various sources.