Question

Сравните ДНК и РНК, заполните таблицу

Answer 1

Или по другому нужно?

Answer 2

Comparing DNA and RNA

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are both nucleic acids that play crucial roles in the storage and transmission of genetic information. While they share some similarities, there are also important differences between the two.

Structure

DNA: - DNA is a double-stranded molecule that forms a double helix structure. - It consists of two long strands of nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). - The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs: adenine (A) with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) with guanine (G).

RNA: - RNA is usually single-stranded, although it can form secondary structures through base pairing. - It contains a sugar called ribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, uracil, cytosine, or guanine). - The base pairing in RNA is adenine (A) with uracil (U), and cytosine (C) with guanine (G).

Function

DNA: - DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. - It serves as a template for the synthesis of RNA molecules, which in turn are involved in protein synthesis.

RNA: - RNA is involved in various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, gene regulation, and the transmission of genetic information. - There are different types of RNA, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), each with specific functions in protein synthesis.

Comparison Table

| Characteristic | DNA | RNA | |----------------|-----|-----| | Structure | Double-stranded, double helix | Usually single-stranded | | Sugar | Deoxyribose | Ribose | | Nitrogenous Bases | Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) | Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) | | Base Pairing | A-T, C-G | A-U, C-G | | Function | Genetic material, carries instructions for development and reproduction | Protein synthesis, gene regulation, transmission of genetic information |