Question

Пищеварения начинается в СЛОВО полости, где происходит измельчение пищи, смачивания ее СЛОВО, определение вкуса, Обеззараживание и начальное расщепление

Answer 1

Ответ:

ротовой (полости)

(смачивания её) слюной

Объяснение:

......................

Answer 2

The Digestive Process

The process of digestion begins in the oral cavity, where several important functions take place. These include:

1. Mechanical Digestion: The food is broken down into smaller pieces through chewing and grinding by the teeth. 2. Moistening: Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands, which helps to moisten the food and make it easier to swallow. 3. Taste Perception: The taste buds on the tongue detect the different flavors of the food, allowing us to experience taste. 4. Disinfection: Saliva contains enzymes and antimicrobial agents that help to kill bacteria and other microorganisms present in the food. 5. Initial Digestion: The enzyme amylase, present in saliva, begins the breakdown of carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

After being chewed and mixed with saliva, the food is then swallowed and enters the esophagus, a muscular tube that connects the oral cavity to the stomach. The esophagus uses rhythmic contractions called peristalsis to push the food downward into the stomach.

Further Digestion in the Stomach

Once the food reaches the stomach, it undergoes further digestion. The stomach is a muscular organ that secretes gastric juices, which contain enzymes and hydrochloric acid. These gastric juices help to:

1. Break Down Proteins: The enzyme pepsinogen is activated by the acidic environment of the stomach and converts into pepsin, which breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. 2. Kill Bacteria: The acidic environment of the stomach helps to kill bacteria and other pathogens present in the food. 3. Mix and Churn: The muscular walls of the stomach contract and relax, mixing the food with gastric juices and breaking it down into a semi-liquid mixture called chyme.

Digestion in the Small Intestine

After the stomach, the partially digested food moves into the small intestine, where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place. The small intestine is divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

In the small intestine, several important processes occur:

1. Further Digestion: The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes, such as amylase, lipase, and proteases, into the small intestine. These enzymes help to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into their smaller components. 2. Absorption: The inner lining of the small intestine is covered in tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption. Nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, are absorbed into the bloodstream through the villi. 3. Bile Secretion: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine. Bile helps to emulsify fats, making them easier to digest and absorb. 4. Final Digestion: The brush border enzymes present on the surface of the villi complete the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into their simplest forms, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Conclusion

In summary, the process of digestion begins in the oral cavity, where the food is mechanically broken down, moistened, and tasted. It then moves to the stomach, where further digestion occurs through the action of gastric juices. Finally, in the small intestine, the food is further digested by enzymes, and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Note: The sources provided do not contain specific information related to the question. However, the information provided is based on general knowledge of the digestive process.