Question

У біосинтизі білку брали участь тРНК з наступними антикодонами: УУУ УГЦ ААА ЦГЦ ГГГ. Визначте послідовність нуклеотидів обох ланцюгів ДНК, що несе інформайію про синтез білка. (2 бали) тРНК_____________________________________________________________ іРНК_______________________________________________________________ ДНК____________________________________________________________ ДНК____________________________________________________________.

Answer 1

Тут все по принципу комплементарности, в молекуле ДНК аденин (А) образует пару с тимином (Т; но в молекуле РНК - с урацилом (У)), а гуанин (Г) - с цитозином (Ц).

тРНК: УУУ УГЦ ААА ЦГЦ ГГГ
иРНК: ААА АЦГ УУУ ГЦГ ЦЦЦ
ДНК1: ТТТ ТГЦ ААА ЦГЦ ГГГ
ДНК2: ААА АЦГ ТТТ ГЦГ ЦЦЦ

Answer 2

The Role of tRNA in Protein Biosynthesis

During protein biosynthesis, transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in translating the genetic information stored in DNA into functional proteins. tRNA molecules are responsible for carrying specific amino acids to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon sequence that is complementary to a specific codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA) strand. The anticodon sequence allows tRNA to recognize and bind to the corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing protein chain.

In the given question, the tRNA molecules involved in protein synthesis have the following anticodon sequences: UUU, UGC, AAA, CGC, and GGG. We need to determine the nucleotide sequence of both DNA strands that carry the information for protein synthesis.

Determining the DNA Sequence

To determine the DNA sequence that carries the information for protein synthesis, we need to consider the complementary base pairing rules. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Therefore, we can determine the DNA sequence by pairing the anticodon sequences with their complementary bases.

The given anticodon sequences are: - UUU - UGC - AAA - CGC - GGG

Pairing these anticodons with their complementary bases, we get the following DNA sequences:

tRNA UUU pairs with DNA AAA tRNA UGC pairs with DNA ACG tRNA AAA pairs with DNA TTT tRNA CGC pairs with DNA GCG tRNA GGG pairs with DNA CCC

Therefore, the DNA sequence that carries the information for protein synthesis is:

DNA: AAA ACG TTT GCG CCC

Please note that this DNA sequence represents one strand of the DNA double helix. The complementary strand would have the reverse sequence.

Summary

In summary, the tRNA molecules with the anticodon sequences UUU, UGC, AAA, CGC, and GGG are involved in protein biosynthesis. The corresponding DNA sequence that carries the information for protein synthesis is AAA ACG TTT GCG CCC.

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