Question

2. В профазе первого мейоза происходит 3. Процесс обмена участками гомологичных хромосом имеет название 4. Биологическая роль мейоза заключается в​

Answer 1

Ответ:
2) скручивание молекулмолекул днк и образование хромосом.
3) Кроссинговер.
4)
1) предотвращении удвоения числа хромосом в новом поколении
2) образовании мужских и женских гамет
3) создании возможностей возникновения новых генных комбинаций
Объяснение:

Answer 2

Prophase of the First Meiosis

During the prophase of the first meiosis, several important events take place. The prophase is the longest phase of meiosis and can be further divided into several sub-stages: leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis. These stages involve the condensation of chromosomes, pairing of homologous chromosomes, and crossing over between non-sister chromatids.

Homologous Chromosome Exchange

The process of exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes is called crossing over or recombination. It occurs during the pachytene stage of prophase I. Crossing over involves the physical exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. This exchange results in the formation of new combinations of alleles and increases genetic diversity.

Biological Role of Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. Its main biological role is to produce gametes (sperm and eggs) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This reduction in chromosome number is essential for sexual reproduction because it ensures that the offspring will have the correct number of chromosomes when the gametes fuse during fertilization.

Meiosis also plays a crucial role in generating genetic diversity. The process of crossing over during prophase I and the random assortment of chromosomes during metaphase I contribute to the shuffling and mixing of genetic material. This genetic variation is important for the survival and adaptation of species, as it provides the raw material for natural selection.

Overall, meiosis ensures the proper distribution of genetic material, reduces the chromosome number, and generates genetic diversity, all of which are essential for sexual reproduction and the survival of species