Question

Завдяки якому процесу в нирках утворюється вторинна сеча?​

Answer 1

Ответ: Завдяки - реабсорбції,

Объяснение: Відбувається в канальцях нефронів першого і другого порядку, які густо покриті сіткою капілярів. Там з первиної сечі  (фільтрату) назад у кров всмоктуються всі потрібні організму речовини: глюкоза, амінокислоти, вітаміни, мінеральні солі, значна кількість води(99%), а також шеретуються із крові у фільтрад токсини, лікарськи препорати, які не профільтрувалися в капсулі. Так утворюється вторична сеча, або просто сеча, яка виводиться з організму.

Answer 2

Formation of Secondary Urine in the Kidneys

The process by which secondary urine is formed in the kidneys is known as urine formation or renal filtration. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance and eliminating waste products from the bloodstream. The formation of secondary urine involves several steps, including glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.

Glomerular Filtration: The first step in urine formation is glomerular filtration. In this process, blood is filtered in the glomerulus, which is a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries in the renal corpuscle. The high blood pressure in the glomerulus allows small molecules, such as water, electrolytes, glucose, and waste products like urea and creatinine, to pass through the filtration membrane and enter the renal tubules. Larger molecules, such as proteins and blood cells, are retained in the bloodstream.

Tubular Reabsorption: After glomerular filtration, the filtrate enters the renal tubules, where tubular reabsorption takes place. In this process, substances that are essential for the body, such as water, glucose, amino acids, and electrolytes, are reabsorbed from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream. This reabsorption occurs through active transport, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. The reabsorption of these substances helps maintain the body's homeostasis by preventing their loss in the urine.

Tubular Secretion: The final step in urine formation is tubular secretion. During this process, certain substances, such as hydrogen ions, potassium ions, and drugs, are actively transported from the bloodstream into the renal tubules. Tubular secretion helps eliminate additional waste products and maintain the body's acid-base balance.

Conclusion: In summary, the formation of secondary urine in the kidneys involves glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. Glomerular filtration allows small molecules and waste products to pass from the bloodstream into the renal tubules. Tubular reabsorption reabsorbs essential substances back into the bloodstream, while tubular secretion eliminates additional waste products. These processes work together to maintain the body's fluid balance and eliminate waste through the production of urine.

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