Question

Схарактеризуйте нервову систему людини. Структурно-функціональна одиниця: (1) нейрон; (2) нефрон; (3) нерв. Властивості: (1) збудливість і скоротливість; (2) здатність до регенерації; (3) збудливість і провідність. Кількість черепно-мозкових і спинномозкових нервів відповідно: (1) 12 пар і 31 пара; (2) 34 пари і 61 пара; (3) 2 пари і 15 пар. Дайте відповідь у форматі 132.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Функціональна одиниця: нейрон Властивості: збудливість та провідність Кількість черепно-мозкових та спиномозкових нервів: 12 пар та 31 пара

Answer 2

The Nervous System

The nervous system is a complex network of cells and tissues that enables communication and coordination within the human body. It is responsible for receiving, processing, and transmitting information, as well as controlling various bodily functions. The nervous system can be divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS includes all the nerves that extend from the CNS to the rest of the body. The PNS can be further divided into the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).

Neuron: Structural and Functional Unit

The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. It is a specialized cell that is responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals. Neurons have three main parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axon.

- The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles necessary for the neuron's functioning. - Dendrites are short, branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body. - The axon is a long, slender extension that carries signals away from the cell body and transmits them to other neurons or target cells.

Neurons exhibit several key properties:

1. Excitability and Contractility: Neurons are excitable, meaning they can generate and transmit electrical impulses called action potentials. This property allows them to communicate with other cells and coordinate bodily functions. 2. Regeneration: Unlike many other cells in the body, neurons have a limited ability to regenerate. If damaged, neurons can sometimes repair themselves, but the extent of regeneration depends on various factors. 3. Excitability and Conductivity: Neurons are capable of receiving and transmitting signals. They can be stimulated by various factors, such as neurotransmitters or sensory input, and can conduct electrical impulses along their axons to transmit information.

Number of Cranial and Spinal Nerves

The human body has a specific number of cranial and spinal nerves:

1. The number of cranial nerves is 12 pairs. 2. The number of spinal nerves is 31 pairs.

Therefore, the correct answer in the format you provided is 132.

Please note that the information provided above is based on general knowledge about the nervous system. If you require more specific or detailed information, please let me know.