Question

What is photosynthesis​

Answer 1

Фотосинтез - процесс преобразования углекислого газа в кислород растениями.

Answer 2

Photosynthesis is the biological process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (a simple sugar) and oxygen. It is a vital process for sustaining life on Earth, as it is responsible for the production of oxygen and the primary source of organic compounds in the food chain.

During photosynthesis, plants use pigments, primarily chlorophyll, located in specialized structures called chloroplasts, to capture light energy. The process can be divided into two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).

In the light-dependent reactions, which occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to generate chemical energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These energy-rich molecules are then utilized in the next stage.

In the light-independent reactions or the Calvin cycle, which take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts, carbon dioxide (CO2) is captured and converted into glucose using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. This process involves a series of enzyme-controlled reactions and is also influenced by other factors such as temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and the presence of necessary enzymes and coenzymes.

Overall, photosynthesis is crucial for the sustenance of life on Earth, as it serves as the primary means of converting solar energy into usable chemical energy, while simultaneously releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. It forms the foundation of the food chain, as plants are the primary producers that provide energy-rich organic compounds to other organisms through consumption and decomposition.