Question

Почему нефть в начале бьёт фонтаном, а потом приходиться выкачивать её насосом? Помогите, плиз! Это по окружающему миру.

Answer 1

Нефть находиться под давлением, и со временем давление уменьшается

Answer 2

Why does oil initially gush out and then need to be pumped out?

When an oil well is first drilled, the pressure within the reservoir is often high enough to force the oil to flow out of the wellbore and create a gusher or fountain. This initial flow is known as the "primary recovery" phase. However, as the oil is extracted, the pressure within the reservoir decreases, and the natural flow of oil diminishes. At this point, additional methods are needed to extract the remaining oil, and this is where pumping comes into play.

Pumping oil from the well

To continue extracting oil from the well after the initial gushing phase, various techniques are used, including the use of pumps. These pumps create artificial pressure to lift the oil to the surface. There are different types of pumps used in the oil industry, such as beam pumps, electric submersible pumps, and progressive cavity pumps. These pumps are designed to handle different well conditions and maximize oil recovery.

Factors affecting oil production

Several factors can influence the need for pumping oil from a well:

1. Reservoir pressure: As mentioned earlier, the pressure within the reservoir decreases as oil is extracted. When the reservoir pressure drops below a certain level, the natural flow of oil becomes insufficient, and pumping is required to maintain production.

2. Viscosity of the oil: The viscosity, or thickness, of the oil can also affect its ability to flow naturally. Some oils have high viscosity, making it difficult for them to flow freely. Pumping helps overcome the resistance caused by high viscosity and facilitates oil production.

3. Well depth and distance: In some cases, the oil reservoir may be located at a significant depth or distance from the surface. In such situations, pumping is necessary to lift the oil to the surface.

4. Water or gas influx: Oil reservoirs often contain water or gas along with the oil. As the oil is extracted, water or gas may enter the wellbore, reducing the pressure and impeding the flow of oil. Pumping can help mitigate the effects of water or gas influx and maintain oil production.

In summary, oil initially gushes out of a well due to the high pressure within the reservoir. However, as the pressure decreases and other factors come into play, pumping becomes necessary to continue extracting oil from the well.