Question

Посмотрите на приведённые примеры пар-примеров социальной дифференциации. Среди них явно есть «лишняя». Укажите её. 1)Мужчина и женщина 2)Бакалавр и магистр 3)Дворник и президент 4)Холерик и меланхолик 5)Учитель и космонавт 6)Наёмный работник и ИП

Answer 1

Examples of Social Differentiation

Social differentiation refers to the process by which societies create and maintain social distinctions or hierarchies based on various characteristics or criteria. Let's examine the examples provided and identify the "extra" one:

1) Man and woman: This example highlights the differentiation based on gender. It is a fundamental distinction in many societies and is often associated with different roles, expectations, and experiences. 2) Bachelor and master: This example represents the differentiation based on educational attainment. A bachelor's degree is typically obtained after completing undergraduate studies, while a master's degree requires further specialization and advanced coursework. 3) Janitor and president: This example illustrates the differentiation based on occupation or social status. A janitor typically performs manual labor and maintenance tasks, while a president holds a high-ranking position of power and authority. 4) Choleric and melancholic: This example refers to the differentiation based on personality traits. Choleric and melancholic are two of the four temperaments described in ancient Greek medicine and psychology. They represent different emotional and behavioral tendencies. 5) Teacher and astronaut: This example showcases the differentiation based on occupation or profession. A teacher is involved in educating and guiding students, while an astronaut is involved in space exploration and research. 6) Employee and self-employed: This example highlights the differentiation based on employment status. An employee works for an organization or individual, receiving a salary or wages, while a self-employed individual operates their own business or practice.

Identifying the "Extra" Example

Based on the examples provided, it appears that there is an "extra" example that does not fit the pattern of social differentiation. Unfortunately, the search results snippet does not provide any information about the extra example. However, upon reviewing the examples, it seems that the extra example is 5) Teacher and astronaut. While both occupations involve different roles and responsibilities, they are not typically considered as examples of social differentiation. The differentiation between a teacher and an astronaut is primarily based on their chosen career paths and areas of expertise, rather than broader social distinctions or hierarchies.

Please note that this identification is based on the given examples and the understanding of social differentiation. Different perspectives or contexts may lead to alternative interpretations.