Question

Почему конституция Индии самая большая и сложная в мире?

Answer 1

Конституция Индии является самой большой конституцией в мире, так как она содержит 465 статей, более 70 поправок, 12 крупных приложений. Учитывая функции поправок, можно считать конституцию самой сложной: часть поправок вносится в основной текст Конституции, изменяя его, часть поправок просто прилагается к ней.

Конституция Индии является документом, который состоит из двух частей, имеющих разные смысловые значения: первая часть представляет «основные черты Конституции», эта часть неизменяема, вторая часть содержит поправки, которые можно изменять в законном порядке.

Answer 2

The Constitution of India: Largest and Most Complex in the World

The Constitution of India is often regarded as the largest and most complex constitution in the world. There are several reasons why it is considered as such:

1. Length and Volume: The Constitution of India is a lengthy document, consisting of a preamble and 470 articles, divided into 25 parts and 12 schedules. It has been amended over 100 times since its adoption in 1950, further adding to its volume and complexity.

2. Inclusiveness: The Indian Constitution aims to be inclusive and comprehensive, covering a wide range of topics including fundamental rights, directive principles of state policy, citizenship, governance, and more. It addresses various aspects of society, economy, and governance, making it a comprehensive document.

3. Diverse Population: India is a diverse country with a large population and multiple languages, religions, and cultures. The Constitution of India seeks to accommodate this diversity and protect the rights and interests of all its citizens. It includes provisions for the protection of minority rights, affirmative action, and the promotion of cultural and educational rights.

4. Federal Structure: India follows a federal system of government, where power is divided between the central government and the states. The Constitution of India defines the powers and responsibilities of both levels of government, as well as the relationship between them. This adds to the complexity of the constitution.

5. Amendment Process: The Constitution of India provides for a detailed and elaborate amendment process. Amendments require the approval of both houses of Parliament, as well as ratification by a majority of the state legislatures. This process ensures that any changes to the constitution are carefully considered and debated, contributing to its complexity.

It is important to note that while the Constitution of India is considered the largest and most complex, it is also a living document that has evolved over time to reflect the changing needs and aspirations of the Indian society.