Question

Верны ли сле­ду­ю­щие суж­де­ния о без­ра­бо­ти­це? А. По­ня­тие «пол­ная за­ня­тость на­се­ле­ния» озна­ча­ет пол­ное от­сут­ствие без­ра­бо­ти­цы.Б. Без­ра­бо­ти­ца яв­ля­ет­ся ха­рак­тер­ной чер­той ры­ноч­ной эко­но­ми­ки.

Answer 1

........верно только б

Answer 2

Верно только Б, потому что:
 -понятие «пол­ная за­ня­тость на­се­ле­ния» предполагает наличие естественной безработицы;
-при рыночной системе экономика развивается циклически, что ведет к спаду производства--->безработица.

Удачи!

Answer 3

Understanding Unemployment

The concept of "full employment" does not necessarily mean the complete absence of unemployment. It refers to a situation where the unemployment rate is at a level where there is no cyclical or deficient-demand unemployment. In other words, it is the lowest level of unemployment that an economy can sustain without causing inflation. This means that some level of unemployment, known as the natural rate of unemployment, will always exist even when the economy is considered to be at full employment.

Unemployment in Market Economies

Unemployment is indeed a characteristic feature of market economies. In market economies, unemployment can arise due to various factors such as technological changes, shifts in consumer demand, and cyclical fluctuations in the business cycle. It is a result of the dynamic nature of market economies where labor markets adjust to changing conditions, leading to periods of unemployment for some individuals.

Additional Insights

It's important to note that the natural rate of unemployment can vary across different economies and over time. Factors such as labor market regulations, social welfare systems, and the overall structure of the economy can influence the level of natural unemployment. Additionally, policies aimed at reducing unemployment, such as active labor market policies and education and training programs, play a crucial role in addressing this issue.

In summary, while "full employment" does not mean the complete absence of unemployment, it is a key goal for economies, and unemployment is indeed a characteristic feature of market economies.

If you have further questions or need more information on this topic, feel free to ask!