Question

1.найдите диалектизмы и профессионализмы А)Казаки днём собирались на прогулках и в куренях,спорили высказывали предположения.Собрания созывались в теение четырёх дней подряд каждый вечер и продалжались до кочетеного побудного крика. б)Светлоыволосая девушка в ярко ситцевом платье неспеша вышла из рубки.Наш ярик мягко подвалил к борту. 2.доказать многозначительность слов для этого составить словосочетания в которых даны разные значения слов например завести собаку, завести машину,завести песню. 3.Привести 5 примеров неологизмов

Answer 1

Диалектизмы - куренях, теение, кочетеного, рубка , ярик ,
Профессионализмы- высказывать , предположение . 

Answer 2

Dialecticisms and Professionalisms in the Given Sentences

In the given sentences, there are several dialecticisms and professionalisms used. Let's analyze each sentence to identify them:

1. Sentence A: "Казаки днём собирались на прогулках и в куренях, спорили, высказывали предположения. Собрания созывались в течение четырёх дней подряд каждый вечер и продолжались до кочетеного побудного крика."

- "Казаки" (Kazaki) - This word refers to Cossacks, a historical group of people in Russia and Ukraine known for their military and cultural traditions. It is a dialecticism. - "куренях" (kurenyakh) - This word refers to the traditional Cossack dwellings. It is a dialecticism. - "предположения" (predpolozheniya) - This word means "assumptions" or "suppositions." It is a professionalism. - "созывались" (sozyvalis') - This word means "were called together" or "gathered." It is a professionalism. - "кочетеного побудного крика" (kochetennogo pobudnogo krika) - This phrase refers to a specific type of Cossack military signal. It is a dialecticism.

2. Sentence B: "Светловолосая девушка в ярко ситцевом платье неспеша вышла из рубки. Наш ярик мягко подвалил к борту."

- "ситцевом" (sitsevom) - This word refers to a type of printed cotton fabric. It is a dialecticism. - "рубки" (rubki) - This word refers to a small wooden house or cabin. It is a dialecticism. - "ярик" (yarik) - This word refers to a small boat or skiff. It is a dialecticism. - "подвалил" (podvalil) - This word means "approached" or "came up to." It is a professionalism. - "борту" (bortu) - This word refers to the side of a boat or ship. It is a dialecticism.

The Significance of Words in Different Contexts

Words can have multiple meanings depending on the context in which they are used. Here are some examples of word combinations that demonstrate different meanings of the word "завести" (zavesti):

1. "Завести собаку" (zavesti sobaku) - This phrase means "to get a dog" or "to adopt a dog." 2. "Завести машину" (zavesti mashinu) - This phrase means "to start a car" or "to turn on a car's engine." 3. "Завести песню" (zavesti pesnyu) - This phrase means "to start a song" or "to begin singing a song."

In each of these examples, the word "завести" takes on a different meaning depending on the noun that follows it. This demonstrates the polysemy or multiple meanings of the word.

Examples of Neologisms

Neologisms are newly coined words or expressions that have recently entered a language. Here are five examples of neologisms:

1. Selfie - A photograph that one takes of oneself, typically with a smartphone or webcam. 2. Cryptocurrency - A digital or virtual form of currency that uses cryptography for security. 3. Vlog - A blog in which the postings are primarily in video form. 4. Emoji - A small digital image or icon used to express an idea, emotion, or concept in electronic communication. 5. Sexting - The act of sending sexually explicit messages or photographs, primarily between mobile phones.

These examples represent words that have emerged in recent years to describe new concepts or phenomena in technology, communication, and popular culture.