Question

Найдите общие черты и различия между тоталитарного и авторитаризма режимов

Answer 1

А можно я тебе это на украинском объясню? хД
Короче такая тема.
Тоталитари́зм (от лат. totalis — весь, целый, полный; лат. totalitas — цельность, полнота) — политический режим, стремящийся к полнейшему (тотальному) контролю государства над всеми аспектами жизни общества и человека.
all-politologija.ruАвторитарный режим — государственно-политическое устройство общества, в котором политическая власть осуществляется конкретным лицом (классом, партией, элитной группой и т.д.) при минимальном участии народа
То есть!
В тоталитарном (режим а) есть типо стремление к полному контролю над государством. Типо как в Корее.
А в авторитарном (режим b) власть осуществляется одним человеком/группой людей с очень малым процентом участия народа.
То есть в режиме а вообще нет участия народа в жизне страны, а в режиме b он немного присутствует. 

Answer 2

Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism: Commonalities and Differences

Totalitarianism and authoritarianism are both forms of government characterized by centralized power and limited political freedoms. However, there are distinct differences between these two regimes.

Totalitarianism is a political system in which the state has complete control over all aspects of public and private life. It seeks to shape and control every aspect of society, including politics, the economy, culture, and even individuals' thoughts and beliefs. Totalitarian regimes often employ propaganda, censorship, surveillance, and repression to maintain their control.

Authoritarianism, on the other hand, is a political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader or a small group of individuals. While authoritarian regimes may restrict political freedoms and limit opposition, they generally do not seek to control every aspect of society to the same extent as totalitarian regimes. Authoritarian leaders often rely on coercion, manipulation, and repression to maintain their power.

Commonalities between Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism

Despite their differences, totalitarianism and authoritarianism share some common characteristics:

1. Centralized Power: Both totalitarian and authoritarian regimes concentrate power in the hands of a single leader or a small group of individuals. This concentration of power allows for swift decision-making and limited dissent.

2. Limited Political Freedoms: In both types of regimes, political freedoms are restricted. Opposition parties and dissenting voices may be suppressed, and citizens' ability to participate in the political process may be limited.

3. Control over Media and Information: Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes often exercise control over the media and information flow. They may censor or manipulate news and use propaganda to shape public opinion and control the narrative.

4. Lack of Pluralism: Both types of regimes tend to suppress or eliminate political pluralism. They may seek to eliminate or marginalize opposition parties, civil society organizations, and independent institutions that could challenge their power.

Differences between Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism

While totalitarianism and authoritarianism share some similarities, there are key differences between these two forms of government:

1. Extent of Control: Totalitarian regimes seek to control every aspect of society, including the economy, culture, education, and even individuals' thoughts and beliefs. Authoritarian regimes, while still exerting control, do not aim for the same level of comprehensive control over society.

2. Methods of Control: Totalitarian regimes often rely on extensive surveillance, indoctrination, and ideological control to maintain their power. Authoritarian regimes may use coercion, manipulation, and repression, but they generally do not employ the same level of ideological control and indoctrination as totalitarian regimes.

3. Leadership Structure: Totalitarian regimes are often led by a single leader or a small group of leaders who hold absolute power. In authoritarian regimes, power may be concentrated in the hands of a single leader, but it can also be shared among a group of individuals or institutions.

4. Degree of Opposition: Totalitarian regimes typically seek to eliminate or suppress all forms of opposition, including political dissent, independent organizations, and alternative ideologies. Authoritarian regimes may tolerate some level of opposition, as long as it does not threaten their hold on power.

In summary, while both totalitarianism and authoritarianism involve centralized power and limited political freedoms, totalitarian regimes seek to control every aspect of society, while authoritarian regimes exercise more limited control. Totalitarian regimes employ extensive ideological control and indoctrination, while authoritarian regimes rely more on coercion and repression.