Question

ПОЧЕМУ НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА НЕ РАСТВОРЯЮТСЯ?С обьяснением!​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Растворенное вещество, которое обычно растворяется в воде, например сахар или соль, не будет растворяться, когда достигнет точки насыщения. Это когда максимальное количество растворенного вещества было растворено в воде. Раствор находится в равновесии, поскольку скорость растворения и скорость реформирования твердого растворенного вещества равны.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Why do some substances not dissolve?

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a particular solvent depends on several factors, including the nature of the substance and the solvent, as well as the conditions under which the dissolution occurs. While many substances are capable of dissolving in certain solvents, there are some substances that do not dissolve or have limited solubility.

Factors affecting solubility: 1. Nature of the substance: The chemical composition and structure of a substance play a significant role in its solubility. Substances with similar polarities or intermolecular forces are more likely to dissolve in each other. For example, polar substances tend to dissolve in polar solvents, while nonpolar substances dissolve in nonpolar solvents. However, there are exceptions to this general rule. 2. Nature of the solvent: The polarity and intermolecular forces of the solvent also influence solubility. Solvents with similar polarities to the solute are more likely to dissolve it. For example, water is a polar solvent and can dissolve many polar substances, while nonpolar solvents like hexane are better at dissolving nonpolar substances. 3. Temperature: Temperature can affect solubility. In some cases, increasing the temperature can increase the solubility of a substance, while in others, it can decrease solubility. This is due to the changes in the energy of the solute and solvent particles, which can affect the strength of their interactions. 4. Pressure: Pressure typically has a minimal effect on the solubility of solids and liquids but can have a significant impact on the solubility of gases. Increasing the pressure can increase the solubility of gases in liquids.

Reasons for limited solubility or insolubility: 1. Mismatched polarities: If the polarities of the solute and solvent are significantly different, they may not be able to form strong enough intermolecular interactions to dissolve each other. For example, oil (a nonpolar substance) does not dissolve in water (a polar solvent) due to the mismatch in polarities. 2. Size and shape: The size and shape of the solute molecules can also affect solubility. If the solute molecules are too large or have an irregular shape, they may not fit well within the solvent molecules, making it difficult for them to dissolve. 3. Chemical reactions: Some substances may react with the solvent or undergo chemical reactions that prevent them from dissolving. For example, certain metals react with water to form metal oxides or hydroxides, which are insoluble in water. 4. Saturation: If a solution is already saturated with a particular solute, further addition of the solute may not dissolve and instead form a precipitate. This occurs when the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in the solvent has already been reached.

It is important to note that the solubility of a substance can vary depending on the specific conditions, such as temperature and pressure. Additionally, there are exceptions and unique cases that may not fit into the general principles mentioned above.