Question

Что такое сонатно-симфонический цикл и каково его строение? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Почему симфонию №103 Гайдна называют "с тремоло литавр"? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Каково строение этой симфонии?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ПЛИЗ СРОООООЧНО! ДАЮ 30 Б.

Answer 1

1. Циклическая музыкальная форма произведения, принадлежащего к одному из жанров (симфония, концерт, соната, трио, квартет)

2. Некоторые симфонии Гайдна имеют программные заголовки, связанные с каким-либо одним признаком или отражают особенности оркестровки . Свое название «с тремоло литавр» симфония получила благодаря первому такту, в котором литавра играет тремоло на тоническом звуке ми-бемоль.

3.

1. Симфония быстрая, активная, иногда предваряемая медленным вступлением. Она пишется в сонатной форме в быстром темпе.

2. Медленная - обычно задумчивая, элегическая или пасторальная, то есть посвящённая мирным картинам природы, спокойному отдохновению или мечтам. Бывают вторые части и скорбные, сосредоточенные, глубокие.

3. Менуэт, а позднее и скерцо. Это игра, веселье, живые картинки народного быта.

4. Финал - итог всего цикла, вывод из всего, что было показано, продумано, прочувствовано в предыдущих частях. Часто финал отличается патетикой жизнеутверждения, торжественным, победным или праздничным характером.

Answer 2

Sonatno-Symphonic Cycle and its Structure

A sonatno-symphonic cycle is a musical composition consisting of multiple movements, typically written for a symphony orchestra. It is a form of cyclic composition where each movement is connected thematically or structurally to the others. The structure of a sonatno-symphonic cycle typically follows a standardized pattern, although variations can occur.

The most common structure of a sonatno-symphonic cycle is as follows: 1. First Movement (Allegro): This movement is usually in sonata form, characterized by an exposition, development, and recapitulation. It sets the tone for the entire composition and introduces the main themes. 2. Second Movement (Adagio or Andante): This movement is often slower and more lyrical in nature. It provides a contrast to the energetic first movement and allows for emotional expression. 3. Third Movement (Scherzo or Minuet): This movement is typically in a triple meter and has a lively and playful character. It serves as a lighter interlude between the more serious second and fourth movements. 4. Fourth Movement (Allegro or Presto): This movement is usually fast-paced and energetic. It often showcases virtuosic passages and brings the composition to a thrilling conclusion.

It's important to note that not all sonatno-symphonic cycles strictly adhere to this structure, and composers have experimented with variations over time. However, this general structure provides a framework for understanding the organization of such compositions.

Symphony No. 103 by Haydn: "With the Drumroll"

Symphony No. 103 by Joseph Haydn is often referred to as the "Drumroll Symphony" or "Mit dem Paukenschlag" in German. The nickname "with the drumroll" comes from the prominent use of a timpani (kettledrum) in the introduction of the first movement.

The structure of Symphony No. 103 follows the traditional four-movement sonatno-symphonic cycle: 1. First Movement (Adagio - Allegro con spirito): This movement begins with a slow introduction featuring a dramatic drumroll on the timpani, which gives the symphony its nickname. The main body of the movement is in sonata form. 2. Second Movement (Andante): This movement is a lyrical and expressive slow movement. 3. Third Movement (Menuetto - Trio): This movement is a minuet and trio, a dance-like movement in triple meter. 4. Fourth Movement (Finale: Allegro con spirito): This movement is a lively and energetic finale, often characterized by its virtuosic passages and rhythmic drive.

The symphony showcases Haydn's mastery of orchestration, thematic development, and his ability to create contrasting moods within each movement. The nickname "with the drumroll" highlights the memorable and dramatic introduction of the symphony.

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