
Проанализируйте отрывок Мцыри: 4Старик! я слышал много раз, Что ты меня от смерти спас - Зачем? ..
Угрюм и одинок, Грозой оторванный листок, Я вырос в сумрачных стенах Душой дитя, судьбой монах. Я никому не мог сказать Священных слов "отец" и "мать". Конечно, ты хотел, старик, Чтоб я в обители отвык От этих сладостных имен, - Напрасно: звук их был рожден Со мной. И видел у других Отчизну, дом, друзей, родных, А у себя не находил Не только милых душ - могил! Тогда, пустых не тратя слез, В душе я клятву произнес: Хотя на миг когда-нибудь Мою пылающую грудь Прижать с тоской к груди другой, Хоть незнакомой, но родной. Увы! теперь мечтанья те Погибли в полной красоте, И я как жил, в земле чужой Умру рабом и сиротой. 5 Меня могила не страшит: Там, говорят, страданье спит В холодной вечной тишине; Но с жизнью жаль расстаться мне. Я молод, молод... Знал ли ты Разгульной юности мечты? Или не знал, или забыл, Как ненавидел и любил; Как сердце билося живей При виде солнца и полей С высокой башни угловой, Где воздух свеж и где порой В глубокой скважине стены, Дитя неведомой страны, Прижавшись, голубь молодой Сидит, испуганный грозой? Пускай теперь прекрасный свет Тебе постыл; ты слаб, ты сед, И от желаний ты отвык. Что за нужда? Ты жил, старик! Тебе есть в мире что забыть, Ты жил, - я также мог бы жить!

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Analysis of the Excerpt from "Mtsyri" by Mikhail Lermontov
The given excerpt is from the poem "Mtsyri" by Mikhail Lermontov. It portrays the thoughts and emotions of the protagonist, who is reflecting on his life and experiences. Let's analyze the key themes and ideas presented in the excerpt.
The protagonist begins by addressing an old man, expressing that he has heard many times that the old man saved him from death. However, he questions the purpose of this salvation The protagonist describes himself as gloomy, lonely, and detached, comparing himself to a torn leaf in a storm. He reveals that he grew up in somber walls, feeling like a child in his soul and a monk in his destiny. He couldn't say the sacred words "father" and "mother" to anyone.
The old man seemingly wanted the protagonist to become accustomed to living in seclusion and to distance himself from the sweet names of loved ones. However, the protagonist asserts that these names were born with him, and while he saw others having a homeland, home, friends, and relatives, he couldn't find them for himself. Instead, he found only empty souls and graves.
Feeling the emptiness and unable to shed tears, the protagonist makes a vow in his soul. He promises that even for a moment, he will press his burning chest against another's chest, even if it is unfamiliar but feels like kin. However, he laments that his dreams have perished in their full beauty, and he will die as a slave and an orphan in a foreign land.
The protagonist reflects on the fearlessness of death, stating that suffering supposedly sleeps in cold eternal silence. However, he expresses his reluctance to part with life, emphasizing his youth and the dreams of his reckless youth. He questions whether the old man knew or remembered how he both hated and loved, how his heart beat faster at the sight of the sun and fields, and how he sat on a high corner tower, where the air was fresh and sometimes in a deep well-like cavity, like a frightened dove.
The protagonist acknowledges that the old man's beautiful light has faded, as he has become weak, old, and detached from desires. He questions the need for such a life, suggesting that the old man must have something to forget in the world. The protagonist concludes by saying that the old man lived, and there must be something for him to forget, just as the protagonist could have lived.
Overall, this excerpt from "Mtsyri" delves into themes of loneliness, detachment, the search for identity and belonging, the contrast between youth and old age, and the fleeting nature of life's dreams and desires.
Note: The analysis above is based on the given excerpt from "Mtsyri" by Mikhail Lermontov. The specific sources provided do not contain the complete text of the poem, but they may offer further insights into Lermontov's work.


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