Question

Расскажите о реформе литературного языка, проведённой Карамзиным. Чем она вызвана и в чем она состояла?

Answer 1

Ответ:

реформа литературного языка, проведённая Карамзиным, смысл не в том что он издал какие-то указы, а в том, что он сам стал писать свои про­изведения.Читатели знакомились с книгами и усваивали прин­ципы литературной речи

Answer 2

Reform of the Literary Language by Karamzin

The reform of the literary language carried out by Nikolay Karamzin was a significant event in the history of the Russian language. Karamzin, a prominent Russian writer and historian, played a crucial role in shaping the modern Russian literary language. His efforts were driven by the desire to create a more refined and expressive language that would be suitable for literature and elevate the cultural level of Russian society.

Reasons for the Reform

The reform of the literary language by Karamzin was motivated by several factors. One of the main reasons was the need to modernize the Russian language, which at that time was considered outdated and lacking in elegance compared to European languages. Karamzin believed that the literary language should reflect the cultural and intellectual development of the nation and be on par with the languages of other European countries.

Another reason for the reform was the influence of the Enlightenment movement, which emphasized the importance of reason, education, and progress. Karamzin sought to align the Russian language with the ideals of the Enlightenment by introducing clarity, precision, and simplicity in its usage. He aimed to make the language more accessible to a wider audience and promote the spread of knowledge and ideas.

Key Aspects of the Reform

Karamzin's reform of the literary language consisted of several key aspects:

1. Orthography: Karamzin introduced changes to the spelling system, simplifying certain rules and making them more consistent. He aimed to make the spelling more phonetic, reducing the discrepancies between the written and spoken forms of words.

2. Vocabulary: Karamzin expanded the vocabulary of the Russian language by borrowing words from other languages, particularly French. This enriched the language and made it more expressive, allowing writers to convey complex ideas and emotions more effectively.

3. Syntax: Karamzin advocated for a more flexible syntax, departing from the strict adherence to the Church Slavonic model. He introduced a more natural word order, allowing for greater freedom in sentence structure and making the language more adaptable to different literary genres.

4. Style: Karamzin emphasized the importance of simplicity and clarity in writing. He encouraged writers to avoid excessive ornamentation and archaic expressions, favoring a more straightforward and accessible style. This approach aimed to make literature more relatable to a wider audience and facilitate the spread of knowledge.

Impact and Legacy

Karamzin's reform of the literary language had a profound impact on Russian literature and culture. It laid the foundation for the development of modern Russian prose and poetry, influencing generations of writers who followed. Karamzin's efforts to refine the language and make it more expressive contributed to the growth of Russian literature as a distinct and influential literary tradition.

Furthermore, Karamzin's reform played a significant role in shaping the cultural identity of Russia. By modernizing the language and aligning it with European standards, Karamzin contributed to the integration of Russian culture into the broader European cultural context. His reform helped to bridge the gap between Russia and the West, fostering cultural exchange and intellectual development.

In conclusion, the reform of the literary language carried out by Karamzin was driven by the desire to modernize and refine the Russian language. It aimed to make the language more elegant, expressive, and accessible, aligning it with the ideals of the Enlightenment and promoting cultural development. Karamzin's efforts had a lasting impact on Russian literature and culture, shaping the language and contributing to the growth of Russian literary tradition.