Question

Бiрiншiден, Алтайдан Донға дейін созылған Ұлы Дала екі кұрлықтың басын косты. Ол - Еуропа мен Азияның қақпасы болды. Екiншiден, Дала еркениетi бiздiң жыл санауымыздан 1000 жыл бурын пайда болды. 7000 км жер камтылды. Бiздiң жыл санауымыздан бұрынғы IV мыңыншы жылдың соңында түркi жұрты ең жуйрiк аң үйретті. ЖЫЛКЫНЫ Колга Үшіншіден, Ұлы дала Әмудария мен Сыр аркылы Кытай-парсы, Үнді, Араб еркениеттер мен тоғысты. Тертіншіден, Дала баласы табиғи ортамен толык гармонияда емiр сүрді. Оған шығармашылық эволюция тән болды. Бесiншiден, Ұлы дала аркылы ететін «Ұлы Жібек жолы» сауда жолы гана емес, мәдениеттердiң тоғысу жолы едi. Бiр ғана Сырдарияның бойында 300- ге жуык кала мен елдімекен болды. Яғни сахарада кешпендi дала мен кала еркениет катар дамыды. Алтыншыдан, «аң стиліндегі>> таңғажайып зергерлiк енер дамыды. Жетiншiден, осы Ұлы далада салтанат курган Туркі елі (Туркі қағанаты 551- 744 ж.) - Еуразия сахарасындағы тунгыш империя еді. Сол дәуiрде түркi жазуы пайда болды. Сегiзiншiден, біздің жыл санауымызбен 545 жылы Бумын қағанның адасына Кытай елшiсi келді. Сол кезден бастап Түркі елі халықаралык мәртебеге ие болды. (Баспасөз материалонан) составить план плизззз​

Answer 1

The Formation and History of the Great Steppe

The Great Steppe, also known as the Eurasian Steppe, is a vast grassland that stretches from the Altai Mountains in the west to the Don River in the east. It encompasses parts of both Europe and Asia. The Great Steppe has been a significant geographical feature for thousands of years and has played a crucial role in the development of various civilizations and cultures.

1. Formation of the Great Steppe

The Great Steppe formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate. This collision caused the uplift of the Altai Mountains and the subsequent formation of the vast grassland that became known as the Great Steppe. The formation of the Great Steppe occurred over a period of approximately 1,000 years, starting around 4,000 years ago. The grassland covers an area of about 7,000 kilometers.

2. Early Inhabitants and Cultural Exchange

The Great Steppe has been inhabited by various nomadic tribes and civilizations throughout history. One of the earliest known groups to inhabit the region were the Turkic people, who emerged around the end of the 4th millennium BCE. The Turkic tribes were known for their military prowess and played a significant role in shaping the history of the Great Steppe.

The Great Steppe served as a crossroads for different civilizations and cultures. It facilitated trade and cultural exchange between the empires of China, Persia, India, and the Arab world. The Silk Road, a major trade route, passed through the Great Steppe, connecting East and West and facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies.

3. Harmony with Nature and Evolution

The nomadic tribes of the Great Steppe lived in harmony with nature and relied on the grassland's resources for their survival. They developed a deep understanding of the environment and adapted their way of life to the conditions of the steppe. This harmonious relationship with nature allowed them to thrive and develop unique cultural practices.

Over time, the Great Steppe witnessed significant socio-cultural and political changes. The rise and fall of empires, the establishment of trade routes, and the interaction between different ethnic groups led to the evolution of various civilizations and the development of new cultural traditions.

4. The Great Steppe as a Cultural Corridor

The Great Steppe served as more than just a trade route. It was a cultural corridor through which ideas, technologies, and artistic expressions flowed. The exchange of knowledge and cultural practices between different civilizations enriched the region and contributed to its diversity.

One notable example of the cultural corridor of the Great Steppe is the "Great Silk Road." While the Silk Road is often associated with trade, it was also a pathway for the exchange of ideas, religions, and artistic influences. The Silk Road connected various cities and regions, including the Syr Darya River valley, which became a hub of cultural exchange and intellectual development.

5. The Turkic Khaganate and the Rise of Turkic Civilization

During the 6th to 8th centuries CE, the Turkic Khaganate emerged as a powerful empire in the Great Steppe. The Turkic Khaganate was a vast empire that spanned the Eurasian Steppe and played a significant role in shaping the history of the region. It marked the beginning of Turkic civilization's rise to prominence.

In 545 CE, the Turkic Khaganate established its presence on the island of Bumin Qaghan, which is located in the Syr Darya River. This event marked the beginning of the Turkic people's transition to a global scale. The Turkic civilization continued to grow and expand, eventually becoming a major force in Eurasian history.

Conclusion

The Great Steppe, with its vast grasslands and rich history, has been a significant geographical feature that has shaped the development of civilizations and cultures. It served as a crossroads for trade, cultural exchange, and the evolution of various societies. The Turkic people played a crucial role in the region's history, and their rise to prominence marked a turning point in the development of Turkic civilization.