Question

Подскажите пожалуйста почему Монголо-Татары совершали набеги зимой?!

Answer 1

После многолетней разведки монголо-татары хорошо знали положение в русских княжествах и особенности театра военных действий в Северо-Восточной Руси. Именно этим можно объяснить выбор зимы как наиболее подходящего времени для нападения на Северо-Восточную Русь. Венгерский монах Юлиан, проходивший поблизости от южных рубежей русских княжеств осенью 1237 г., специально отмечал, что татары "ждут того, чтобы земля, реки и болота с наступлением зимы замерзли, после чего всему множеству татар легко будет разгромить всю Русь, страну Русских" 2.

Answer 2

Зимой реки замерзают и проще переправиться с лошадьми на другой берег

Answer 3

Mongol-Tatar Raids in Winter

The Mongol-Tatars were known for their military campaigns and raids during the medieval period. These raids were not limited to any specific season, and they were known to conduct military operations throughout the year. However, there are several reasons why the Mongol-Tatars might have chosen to conduct raids during the winter months.

1. Weather Conditions: Winter weather conditions, such as heavy snowfall and freezing temperatures, could have provided certain advantages to the Mongol-Tatars. The harsh weather would have made it more difficult for their enemies to mount a defense or launch counterattacks. The Mongol-Tatars, being accustomed to the cold climate of the Eurasian steppes, would have had an advantage in navigating and operating in such conditions.

2. Mobility: The frozen ground and thick layers of snow could have facilitated the movement of the Mongol-Tatar cavalry. The horses' hooves would have been less likely to sink into the ground, allowing for faster and more efficient travel. This increased mobility would have given the Mongol-Tatars the ability to surprise their enemies and launch swift attacks.

3. Resource Depletion: Winter raids might have been motivated by the need to secure resources for the Mongol-Tatar forces. During the winter months, agricultural activities were limited, and food supplies could have been scarce. Conducting raids during this time would have allowed the Mongol-Tatars to seize food, livestock, and other resources from their enemies, ensuring their own survival and sustenance.

4. Psychological Warfare: The Mongol-Tatars were known for their psychological warfare tactics. Launching raids during the winter months could have had a demoralizing effect on their enemies. The harsh weather conditions, combined with sudden attacks, would have created a sense of fear and vulnerability among the targeted populations.

It is important to note that while these factors might have influenced the Mongol-Tatars' decision to conduct raids during winter, their military campaigns were not limited to this season. They were a formidable force that conducted raids and military operations throughout the year.