Question

Как Голандия стала великой морской державой. помогите подалуйста!!!!​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Удачное географическое расположение; создание новых типов судов (тьял, влибот, хольк и т. д.) и морские технологии (проекция Меркатора, «астрономические кольца» и т. п.) и хорошие морские учебные заведения в которых выпустилось большое количество морских офицеров.

Answer 2

The Netherlands as a Great Maritime Power

The Netherlands, also known as Holland, became a great maritime power during the 17th century, often referred to as the Dutch Golden Age. This period saw the rise of the Dutch Republic as a major player in global trade, colonization, and naval power. Several factors contributed to the Netherlands' emergence as a dominant maritime nation:

1. Geographic Location: The Netherlands is located in a favorable position for maritime trade. It has access to the North Sea, which provides a gateway to the Atlantic Ocean and beyond. The country's extensive coastline and numerous ports facilitated trade and naval activities.

2. Economic Prosperity: The Dutch Republic experienced significant economic growth during the 17th century. The country became a center for international trade, with Amsterdam emerging as one of the world's leading financial centers. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Dutch West India Company (WIC) played crucial roles in expanding Dutch trade and establishing colonies.

3. Naval Innovations: The Dutch were pioneers in naval technology and tactics. They developed advanced shipbuilding techniques, including the construction of fast and maneuverable ships such as the fluyt and the frigate. The Dutch also introduced innovative naval tactics, such as the line of battle, which became the standard formation for naval warfare.

4. Colonial Expansion: The Netherlands established a vast colonial empire during the 17th century. Dutch colonies were established in regions such as the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia), Suriname, New Netherland (later New York), and the Dutch Antilles. These colonies provided valuable resources, such as spices, sugar, and tobacco, which further fueled the Dutch economy and maritime power.

5. Cultural and Intellectual Climate: The Dutch Golden Age was characterized by a flourishing of arts, sciences, and intellectual pursuits. Prominent Dutch painters, such as Rembrandt and Vermeer, produced masterpieces during this period. The Dutch also made significant contributions to cartography, navigation, and scientific exploration, further enhancing their maritime capabilities.

6. Political Stability: The Dutch Republic enjoyed a relatively stable political system during the 17th century. The decentralized nature of the government, with power shared among provinces and city-states, allowed for a favorable environment for trade and entrepreneurship. This stability contributed to the Netherlands' economic and maritime success.

In conclusion, the Netherlands became a great maritime power during the 17th century due to its favorable geographic location, economic prosperity, naval innovations, colonial expansion, cultural and intellectual climate, and political stability. These factors combined to make the Dutch Republic a dominant force in global trade, colonization, and naval warfare.