Question

Перечислите,за что Ян Гус критиковал католическую церковь и что он предлагал в ней изменить.

Answer 1

Нельзя взимать плату за таинства и продавать церковные должности. Священнику достаточно взимать небольшую плату с богачей, чтобы удовлетворить свои первейшие жизненные потребности.Нельзя слепо подчиняться церкви, но нужно думать самим, применяя слова из Священного Писания: «Если слепой поведёт слепого, оба упадут в яму».Власть, нарушающая заповеди Бога, не может быть Им признана.Собственность должна принадлежать справедливым. Несправедливый богач есть вор.Каждый христианин должен искать правду, даже рискуя благополучием, спокойствием и жизнью.Гус выступал как против индульгенций, так и против права иерархов христианской церкви поднимать меч на их врагов

Answer 2

Jan Hus and his Criticism of the Catholic Church

Jan Hus was a Czech theologian, philosopher, and reformer who lived in the 14th and 15th centuries. He is known for his strong criticism of the Catholic Church and his calls for reform within the church. Hus was influenced by the teachings of John Wycliffe, an English theologian who also criticized the church.

Hus criticized the Catholic Church for several reasons:

1. Corruption: Hus condemned the widespread corruption within the church, including the sale of indulgences, simony (the buying and selling of church offices), and the luxurious lifestyles of some clergy members.

2. Lack of Biblical Authority: Hus believed that the Catholic Church had strayed from the teachings of the Bible and emphasized the importance of Scripture as the ultimate authority for Christian faith and practice.

3. Excessive Power of the Pope: Hus criticized the excessive power and authority of the Pope, arguing that the Pope should be subject to the authority of the Bible and the teachings of Christ.

4. Liturgy and Practices: Hus also criticized certain liturgical practices of the Catholic Church, such as the use of Latin in worship, which made it difficult for ordinary people to understand the religious services.

Hus proposed several changes within the Catholic Church:

1. Reform of Clergy: Hus called for the reform of the clergy, urging them to live a more humble and virtuous life, free from corruption and excessive wealth.

2. Translation of the Bible: Hus advocated for the translation of the Bible into the vernacular language so that ordinary people could read and understand it.

3. Communion for the Laity: Hus believed that the laity should be able to receive both the bread and wine during the Eucharist, contrary to the Catholic practice of only offering the bread to the laity.

4. Church-State Relationship: Hus argued for a separation of church and state, advocating for the church to focus on spiritual matters and not interfere in political affairs.

It is important to note that Hus's ideas and criticisms were controversial at the time and eventually led to his excommunication and execution by the Catholic Church. However, his ideas had a significant impact on the Protestant Reformation that followed in the 16th century.