Question

Раздели изученную историю греции на этапы и укажи на ленте времени их границы

Answer 1

Периоды греческой истории.
Историю древней Греции принято делить на пять этапов:
– крито-микенский (эгейский) – конец III–конец II тысячелетия до н. э. ;
– гомеровский – XI–IX вв. до н. э. ;
– архаический – VIII–VI вв. до н. э. ;
– классический – 500–323 гг. до н. э. ;
– эллинистический – 323–30 гг. до н. э.
Последний период истории древней Греции называют эллинистическим, он продолжался от смерти Александра Македонского до завоевания римлянами Египта. В это время как греческие полисы, так и бывшая держава Ахеменидов входят в состав новых государств, основанных полководцами Александра, которые много лет спустя после его смерти провозгласили себя царями. Одним из знаменитых эллинистических царей был Пирр, с которым пришлось встретиться на поле боя римлянам.

Answer 2

Ancient Greece (3000 BCE - 323 BCE)

Ancient Greece is often considered the birthplace of Western civilization and democracy. It is divided into several periods, including the Bronze Age, the Dark Age, the Archaic Period, the Classical Period, and the Hellenistic Period.

Bronze Age (3000 BCE - 1100 BCE): This period is characterized by the development of advanced civilizations in the Aegean region, including the Minoans on the island of Crete and the Mycenaeans on the Greek mainland. The Bronze Age saw the rise of palace societies, extensive trade networks, and the construction of impressive palaces and fortifications.

Dark Age (1100 BCE - 800 BCE): The Dark Age followed the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization and was marked by a decline in population, trade, and cultural development. It is called the Dark Age because of the scarcity of written records from this period.

Archaic Period (800 BCE - 480 BCE): The Archaic Period saw the revival of Greek civilization after the Dark Age. It was a time of colonization, the development of city-states (polis), and the emergence of the Greek city-state as the dominant political and social unit. This period also witnessed the rise of the Olympic Games and the development of Greek art, literature, and philosophy.

Classical Period (480 BCE - 323 BCE): The Classical Period is considered the golden age of ancient Greece. It was marked by the Persian Wars, in which the Greek city-states successfully defended themselves against the Persian Empire. This period also saw the rise of Athens as a cultural and intellectual center, with notable figures such as Pericles, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta, which lasted from 431 BCE to 404 BCE, marked the end of the Classical Period.

Hellenistic Period (323 BCE - 31 BCE): The Hellenistic Period began with the death of Alexander the Great and the division of his empire among his generals. It was a time of great cultural diffusion, as Greek culture spread throughout the eastern Mediterranean and beyond. This period witnessed the rise of powerful Hellenistic kingdoms, such as the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt and the Seleucid Empire in the Near East.

Timeline of Ancient Greek History:

- 3000 BCE: Bronze Age civilizations in the Aegean region. - 1100 BCE: Collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, beginning of the Dark Age. - 800 BCE: Revival of Greek civilization in the Archaic Period. - 480 BCE: Persian Wars. - 431 BCE - 404 BCE: Peloponnesian War. - 323 BCE: Death of Alexander the Great, beginning of the Hellenistic Period.

Please note that the boundaries of these periods are approximate and can vary depending on different sources and interpretations.