Question

ПОМОГИТЕ СРОЧНОО Какой новый элемент придумали греки в архитектуре? КРАТКО

Answer 1

Греки придумали Колонны

Answer 2

Греки внесли значительный вклад в развитие архитектуры, и одним из ключевых элементов, которые они придумали, является колонна с капителью. Существует три основных видa колонн в древнегреческой архитектуре: ионические, дорические и коринфские.

1. Дорические колонны: - Капитель дорической колонны обычно имеет простую форму без орнамента. - Они часто использовались в храмах и других общественных зданиях. - Примеры включают Партенон в Афинах.

2. Ионические колонны: - Ионический капитель более изящен и украшен в сравнении с дорическим. - Часто использовались в зданиях, таких как храмы и стойла. - Примером может служить Эрехтеион на Акрополе.

3. Коринфские колонны: - Капитель коринфской колонны более изыскан и богато украшен орнаментом, напоминающим лепестки аканта. - Этот стиль чаще использовался в римской архитектуре, но был разработан греками. - Примеры включают храм Зевса в Олимпии.

Таким образом, введение различных типов колонн и их капителей было одним из важных новшеств в архитектуре, придуманным греками.

Answer 3

Greek Contribution to Architecture

The ancient Greeks made numerous contributions to architecture, including the invention of several architectural elements that are still used today. One notable element that the Greeks introduced is the column. The column is a vertical, cylindrical support that is used to bear the weight of a structure and provide architectural stability. Greek architecture featured three main types of columns: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Each type had its own distinctive design and proportions.

The Doric column is the simplest and oldest type, characterized by its sturdy, fluted shaft and plain, cushion-like capital. It is often found in ancient Greek temples and other public buildings. The Ionic column is more slender and ornate, with a capital that features volutes, or scroll-like ornaments. It is commonly used in buildings of the Ionic order, such as the Erechtheion on the Acropolis in Athens. The Corinthian column is the most decorative and elaborate, with a capital adorned with acanthus leaves and small scrolls. It is often seen in Roman and Neoclassical architecture.

Another architectural element introduced by the Greeks is the entablature, which consists of the horizontal elements that rest on top of the columns. The entablature is composed of three parts: the architrave, which is the bottom horizontal band; the frieze, which is the middle band that often contains decorative reliefs; and the cornice, which is the top projecting band that provides a visual finish to the structure.

The Greeks also developed the concept of proportions in architecture, particularly in relation to the human body. They believed that architectural elements should be designed in harmony with the human form, creating a sense of balance and beauty. This principle, known as the Golden Ratio, influenced the design of many Greek buildings and continues to be used in architecture today.

In summary, the Greeks made significant contributions to architecture, including the invention of columns, the development of the entablature, and the application of proportional design principles. These elements have had a lasting impact on architectural styles throughout history.